College of Information and Management Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China.
Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education on Safe Mining of Deep Metal Mines, School of Resources and Civil Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 May 27;17(11):3790. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17113790.
The metallurgical industry is a significant component of the national economy. The main purpose of this study was to establish a composite risk analysis method for fatal accidents in the metallurgical industry. We collected 152 fatal accidents in the Chinese metallurgical industry from 2001 to 2018, including 141 major accidents, 10 severe accidents, and 1 extraordinarily severe accident, together resulting in 731 deaths. Different from traffic or chemical industry accidents, most of the accidents in the metallurgical industry are poisoning and asphyxiation accidents, which account for 40% of the total number of fatal accidents. As the original statistical data of fatal accidents in the metallurgical industry have irregular fluctuations, the traditional prediction methods, such as linear or quadratic regression models, cannot be used to predict their future characteristics. To overcome this issue, the grey interval predicting method and the GM(1,1) model of grey system theory are introduced to predict the future characteristics of fatal accidents in the metallurgical industry. Different from a fault tree analysis or event tree analysis, the bow tie model integrates the basic causes, possible consequences, and corresponding safety measures of an accident in a transparent diagram. In this study, the bow tie model was used to identify the causes and consequences of fatal accidents in the metallurgical industry; then, corresponding safety measures were adopted to reduce the risk.
冶金行业是国民经济的重要组成部分。本研究的主要目的是建立冶金行业致命事故的综合风险分析方法。我们收集了 2001 年至 2018 年中国冶金行业的 152 起致命事故,包括 141 起重大事故、10 起严重事故和 1 起特别严重事故,共造成 731 人死亡。与交通或化工行业事故不同,冶金行业的大多数事故是中毒和窒息事故,占致命事故总数的 40%。由于冶金行业致命事故的原始统计数据存在不规则波动,传统的预测方法,如线性或二次回归模型,不能用于预测其未来特征。为了解决这个问题,引入了灰色区间预测方法和灰色系统理论的 GM(1,1)模型来预测冶金行业致命事故的未来特征。与故障树分析或事件树分析不同,蝴蝶结模型以透明图的形式集成了事故的基本原因、可能后果和相应的安全措施。在本研究中,蝴蝶结模型用于识别冶金行业致命事故的原因和后果;然后,采取相应的安全措施来降低风险。