Department of Food, Nutrition, Dietetics and Health, Kansas State University, 212 Justin Hall, 1324 Lovers Lane, Manhattan, KS, 66506, USA.
U.S. Army Aeromedical Research Laboratory, 6901 Farrel Road, Fort Rucker, AL, USA.
Eat Weight Disord. 2021 Apr;26(3):973-981. doi: 10.1007/s40519-020-00932-5. Epub 2020 May 31.
To explore the relationship between body weight status and neurocognitive functioning in soldiers.
U.S. soldiers (N = 109) answered survey questions and completed neurocognitive tests including simple reaction time, code substitution, procedural reaction time, go-no-go, matching to sample, code substitution recall, and four versions of the Stroop test including congruent (color and meaning of word agreed); incongruent (color and meaning of word differed); neutral (nonsense words appeared), and emotional (combat-related words such as "I.E.D" and "convoy" appeared). Self-reported heights and weights were used to calculate BMI. A BMI ≥ 30.00 kg/m was categorized as obese. Multivariate analysis of variance was used to analyze weight status differences (p ≤ 0.05) across neurocognitive variables. Binomial logistic regression analysis with obesity as the dependent variable was used to ascertain the contributions (p ≤ 0.05) of exercise and the neurocognitive measures that differed based on weight status.
Twenty-nine participants (26.6%) were obese. The obese group had significantly lower scores on code substitution, and both neutral and emotional Stroop tasks. Only Stroop emotional scores, p = 0.022, OR = 0.97, and frequency of moderate/intense physical activity, p = 0.009, OR = 0.10, were significant predictors of weight status.
Obesity was associated with less frequent moderate/intense physical activity and compromised executive functioning, namely decrements in response inhibition. Given the design and sample size, additional research is needed to better understand the direction of the relationship between these variables and to inform research related to the treatment and prevention of obesity within military populations.
Level III, case-control analytic study.
探讨士兵体重状况与神经认知功能之间的关系。
109 名美国士兵回答了调查问题，并完成了神经认知测试，包括简单反应时、代码替代、程序反应时、go-no-go、匹配样本、代码替代回忆以及四种 Stroop 测试版本，包括一致（颜色和单词的含义一致）、不一致（颜色和单词的含义不同）、中性（出现无意义的单词）和情绪（出现与战斗相关的单词，如“简易爆炸装置”和“护航”）。自我报告的身高和体重用于计算 BMI。BMI≥30.00kg/m²被归类为肥胖。使用多元方差分析来分析神经认知变量之间的体重状况差异（p≤0.05）。使用二项逻辑回归分析，以肥胖为因变量，确定运动和基于体重状况而不同的神经认知测量对肥胖的贡献（p≤0.05）。
29 名参与者（26.6%）肥胖。肥胖组在代码替代和中性及情绪 Stroop 任务上的得分明显较低。只有 Stroop 情绪得分（p=0.022，OR=0.97）和中等/剧烈身体活动的频率（p=0.009，OR=0.10）是体重状况的显著预测因子。
肥胖与较少的中等/剧烈身体活动和执行功能受损有关，即反应抑制能力下降。鉴于设计和样本量，需要进一步的研究来更好地理解这些变量之间关系的方向，并为与军事人群中肥胖的治疗和预防相关的研究提供信息。
三级，病例对照分析研究。
