Adebayo A M, Obembe T A, Adebayo B E
Department of Community Medicine,Faculty of Clinical Sciences,College of Medicine,University of Ibadan,Nigeria.
Department of Health Policy and Management,Faculty of Public Health,College of Medicine,University of Ibadan,Nigeria.
West Afr J Med. 2020 Jul-Aug;37(3):268-274.
An increased population growth has led to the proliferation of slums in urban areas. Urban slum dwellers are susceptible to ailments which may be worsened from reduced access to health facilities or weak institutional capacity. Understanding the pattern of morbidity and choice of care among slum dwellers can inform appropriate health interventions among this group. This study was conducted to investigate and document the morbidity patterns and choice of care within an urban slum community of South-western Nigeria.
The study was a descriptive cross-sectional survey involving 480 respondents selected through a random sampling technique in Idikan community of Southwestern Nigeria. The survey was conducted using a pre-tested semi-structured interviewer administered questionnaire on morbidity pattern and choice of care. Data were analyzed using SPSS Vs version 13 to generate frequencies and association between independent variables and choice of care using Chi-square at 5% level of significance.
Among those that were ill, slightly over half of the respondents, 254 (52.9%) used self-medication while only 226 respondents (47.1%) sought medical care Majority of the respondents that sought care did so from Christian based health facilities (66.8%). A significantly higher proportion, (74.3%) of those in the higher occupational class compared with those of low occupational class (55.1%) (p = 0.001) sought care in a health facility. Also, a significantly higher proportion of those with tertiary education (69.0%) sought care in facilities compared to other cadres (p = 0.033).
Disparities in morbidity patterns and access to care still persists in the surveyed community which requires urgent attention in the urban slums. This is evidently linked to educational and socio-economic status. Re-distribution of national funds to educational institutions and creation of jobs in the slums are advocated to improve the health seeking behaviours of slum dwellers in Ibadan and Nigeria at large.
人口增长加剧导致城市地区贫民窟扩散。城市贫民窟居民易患疾病，而获得医疗设施的机会减少或机构能力薄弱可能会使病情恶化。了解贫民窟居民的发病模式和就医选择可为该群体的适当健康干预提供依据。本研究旨在调查并记录尼日利亚西南部一个城市贫民窟社区的发病模式和就医选择。
本研究为描述性横断面调查，通过随机抽样技术在尼日利亚西南部的伊迪坎社区选取了480名受访者。调查采用预先测试的半结构化访谈问卷，内容涉及发病模式和就医选择。使用SPSS 13.0版软件对数据进行分析，以生成频率，并使用卡方检验在5%的显著性水平下分析自变量与就医选择之间的关联。
在患病者中，略超过一半的受访者，即254人（52.9%）采用自我药疗，而只有226名受访者（47.1%）寻求医疗护理。大多数寻求护理的受访者选择了基督教医疗机构（66.8%）。与低职业阶层（55.1%）相比，高职业阶层中寻求医疗机构护理的比例显著更高（74.3%）（p = 0.001）。此外，与其他学历人群相比，受过高等教育的人群中寻求医疗机构护理的比例显著更高（69.0%）（p = 0.033）。
在被调查社区中，发病模式和获得护理的机会方面的差异仍然存在，这在城市贫民窟中需要紧急关注。这显然与教育和社会经济地位有关。建议重新分配国家资金用于教育机构，并在贫民窟创造就业机会，以改善伊巴丹乃至尼日利亚贫民窟居民的就医行为。
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