Da Ben L, Heller Theo, Koh Christopher
Digestive Diseases Branch, National Institute of Diabetes & Digestive & Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Liver Diseases Branch, National Institute of Diabetes & Digestive & Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Gastroenterol Rep (Oxf). 2019 Jun 23;7(4):231-245. doi: 10.1093/gastro/goz023. eCollection 2019 Aug.
Hepatitis D is the most severe form of viral hepatitis associated with a more rapid progression to cirrhosis and an increased risk of hepatocellular carcinoma and mortality compared with hepatitis B mono-infection. Although once thought of as a disappearing disease, hepatitis D is now becoming recognized as a serious worldwide issue due to improvement in diagnostic testing and immigration from endemic countries. Despite these concerns, there is currently only one accepted medical therapy (pegylated-interferon-α) for the treatment of hepatitis D with less than desirable efficacy and significant side effects. Due to these reasons, many patients never undergo treatment. However, increasing knowledge about the virus and its life cycle has led to the clinical development of multiple promising new therapies that hope to alter the natural history of this disease and improve patient outcome. In this article, we will review the literature from discovery to the current investigational therapies.
丁型肝炎是病毒性肝炎最严重的一种形式，与乙型肝炎单一感染相比，它向肝硬化进展更快，肝细胞癌风险增加，死亡率也更高。尽管丁型肝炎曾一度被认为是一种正在消失的疾病，但由于诊断检测的改进以及来自流行国家的移民，现在它已被公认为一个严重的全球性问题。尽管存在这些担忧，但目前治疗丁型肝炎只有一种被认可的药物疗法（聚乙二醇化干扰素-α），其疗效不尽人意且有显著副作用。由于这些原因，许多患者从未接受治疗。然而，对该病毒及其生命周期的了解不断增加，已促使多种有前景的新疗法进入临床开发阶段，有望改变这种疾病的自然病程并改善患者预后。在本文中，我们将回顾从发现该病毒到当前研究性疗法的相关文献。
