Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, N1G2W1, Canada.
Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, N1G2W1, Canada.
Curr Opin Pharmacol. 2020 Jun;52:25-32. doi: 10.1016/j.coph.2020.04.005. Epub 2020 May 29.
Ghrelin is a stomach-derived hormone and a potent appetite stimulant. Ghrelin has recently harbored interest as a potential regulator of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in skeletal muscle and adipose tissue; however, in vivo ghrelin administration is confounded by secondary effects. The assessment of the direct metabolic effects of acylated (AG) and unacylated (UnAG) ghrelin is a relatively new area of research. In isolated adipocytes and muscle, ghrelin has demonstrated antilipolytic effects. In muscle, ghrelin has been shown to acutely stimulate fat oxidation, which may protect the muscle from the insulin-desensitizing effects of high fatty acid concentrations. The effects of ghrelin directly on muscle glucose uptake are controversial. Whether ghrelin can be utilized therapeutically for conditions such as type 2 diabetes will depend on our better understanding of ghrelin's independent effects on muscle and adipose tissue metabolism, and whether this can predict ghrelin's effects when administered in vivo.
胃饥饿素是一种源于胃的激素，也是一种强效的食欲刺激物。胃饥饿素最近作为骨骼肌和脂肪组织中碳水化合物和脂质代谢的潜在调节剂引起了关注；然而，体内给予胃饥饿素会受到继发效应的影响。酰化（AG）和非酰化（UnAG）胃饥饿素的直接代谢作用的评估是一个相对较新的研究领域。在分离的脂肪细胞和肌肉中，胃饥饿素表现出抗脂肪分解作用。在肌肉中，胃饥饿素已被证明可急性刺激脂肪氧化，这可能使肌肉免受高脂肪酸浓度对胰岛素敏感性的影响。胃饥饿素对肌肉葡萄糖摄取的直接作用存在争议。胃饥饿素是否可用于 2 型糖尿病等疾病的治疗将取决于我们对胃饥饿素对肌肉和脂肪组织代谢的独立作用的更好理解，以及这是否可以预测体内给予胃饥饿素时的作用。
