Forensic Toxicology and Chemistry Division, Seoul Institute, National Forensic Service, 139 Jiyangro, Yangcheongu, Seoul 08036, Republic of Korea.
Forensic Toxicology and Chemistry Division, Daejeon Institute, National Forensic Service, 1524 Yuseongdaero, Yuseonggu, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea.
J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci. 2020 Jul 15;1149:122123. doi: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2020.122123. Epub 2020 Apr 21.
In Phytolaccaceae family, Phytolacca americana L. (American pokeweed) and P. esculenta Van Houtte (Chinese pokeweed) are the two representative species among the genus. Pokeweeds have triterpenoid saponins as toxic compounds in every part of the plant. The saponins phytolaccoside A, B, D, E, and G were isolated from P. americana, and esculentoside H, J, L, K, M, I, and N were isolated from P. esculenta. Along with saponins, their aglycones (phytolaccagenin, phytolaccagenic acid, esculentic acid and jaligonic acid) were also isolated from P. americana and P. esculenta. Two people who unknowingly ate misidentified pokeweed plant roots were transferred to the emergency room. Urine and gastric content after irrigation were collected from the first patient (patient 1), and blood and urine were collected from the second patient (patient 2). The samples were analyzed to identify toxic substances with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). In the blood sample, 1.9 ng/mL of esculentoside A and 1.5 ng/mL of esculentoside C were detected, while the concentration of esculentoside B and H were below the LLOQ. In gastric contents and ingested roots, esculentoside A, B, C, and H were identified. Esculentoside A, C, and H were identified in the urine of patient 1, and esculentoside A and C were identified in the urine sample of patient 2. The developed analytical method was validated for parameters such as linearity, limit of detection, precision, accuracy, matrix effect, recovery, and process efficiency, and they showed clear and unbiased results.
在商陆科中，美洲商陆（美洲商陆）和商陆（中国商陆）是该属的两个代表性物种。商陆属植物的各部位均含有三萜皂苷类有毒化合物。从美洲商陆中分离得到了薯蓣皂苷元 A、B、D、E 和 G，从商陆中分离得到了 esculentoside H、J、L、K、M、I 和 N。除了皂苷外，还从美洲商陆和商陆中分离得到了它们的糖苷元（薯蓣皂苷元、薯蓣皂苷酸、商陆酸和 jaligonic 酸）。有两个人在不知情的情况下食用了错误识别的商陆植物根，被转至急诊室。从第一个病人（病人 1）中收集尿液和灌洗后的胃内容物，从第二个病人（病人 2）中收集血液和尿液。使用液相色谱-串联质谱（LC-MS/MS）对样本进行分析，以鉴定有毒物质。在血液样本中，检测到 1.9ng/mL 的 esculentoside A 和 1.5ng/mL 的 esculentoside C，而 esculentoside B 和 H 的浓度低于LLOQ。在胃内容物和摄入的根中，鉴定出 esculentoside A、B、C 和 H。在病人 1 的尿液中鉴定出 esculentoside A、C 和 H，在病人 2 的尿液样本中鉴定出 esculentoside A 和 C。所开发的分析方法对线性、检测限、精密度、准确度、基质效应、回收率和过程效率等参数进行了验证，结果清晰且无偏。
