Negrón Claudia, Contador Loreto, Lampinen Bruce D, Metcalf Samuel G, Guédon Yann, Costes Evelyne, DeJong Theodore M
Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
UMR AGAP CIRAD/INRA/Montpellier SupAgro, Virtual Plants, INRIA, Avenue Agropolis, TA-A-108/03, 34398, Montpellier Cedex 5, France.
Funct Plant Biol. 2015 Mar;42(3):325-335. doi: 10.1071/FP14025.
Axillary meristem fate patterns along shoots, also referred to as shoot structure, appear to be fairly consistent among trees within a genotype growing under similar conditions. Less is known about shoot structural plasticity following external manipulations, such as pruning. The aim of this study on almond (Prunus dulcis (Mill.)) shoots was to investigate how pruning severity affects the structure of 1-year-old shoots that grew after pruning (regrowth shoots), the 2-year-old portion of shoots that remained from the previous year's growth after pruning (pruned shoots), and whether regrowth shoots reiterate the structure of the original 1-year-old shoots before pruning. Three pruning severities were imposed and the structures along the different shoots were assessed by building hidden semi-Markov models of axillary meristem fates. The structures of regrowth and pruned shoots depended on pruning severity, but maintained some of the original shoot characteristics. Regrowth shoots developed more complex structures with severe pruning, but had simpler structures than original shoots indicating progressive simplification with tree age. Pruned shoot structures were affected by the severity of pruning, by the structure when the shoots were 1 year old, and probably by local competition among buds. Changes in structure due to pruning can be modelled and be predictable.
沿着枝条的腋生分生组织命运模式，也称为枝条结构，在相似条件下生长的同一基因型树木中似乎相当一致。关于外部操作（如修剪）后枝条结构的可塑性，人们了解较少。本研究以杏仁（Prunus dulcis (Mill.)）枝条为对象，旨在研究修剪强度如何影响修剪后生长的1年生枝条（再生枝条）的结构、修剪后保留的上一年生长的2年生枝条部分（修剪枝条）的结构，以及再生枝条是否会重现修剪前原始1年生枝条的结构。设置了三种修剪强度，并通过构建腋生分生组织命运的隐半马尔可夫模型来评估不同枝条的结构。再生枝条和修剪枝条的结构取决于修剪强度，但保留了一些原始枝条的特征。再生枝条在重度修剪时会发育出更复杂的结构，但比原始枝条的结构更简单，这表明随着树龄增长结构逐渐简化。修剪枝条的结构受到修剪强度、枝条1年生时的结构以及可能的芽间局部竞争的影响。修剪引起的结构变化可以建模并预测。
