Olesen Trevor, Huett David, Smith Glenn
Centre for Tropical Horticulture, PO Box 72, Alstonville, NSW 2477, Australia.
Funct Plant Biol. 2011 Apr;38(4):327-336. doi: 10.1071/FP11011.
For Macadamia integrifolia Maiden and Betche var. 849, we compared four limb removal strategies of varying style and severity over 4 years, in terms of effects on yield, on the distribution of light, and new vegetative shoots, racemes and fruit within the canopy. Limb removal reduced yields. The reduction corresponded with the severity of pruning, not with the style of pruning. Limb removal had little impact in the medium term on light penetration to the orchard floor. Within the canopy, shoot production and raceme production were inversely related. Shoot production was favoured by high light conditions; raceme production occurred predominantly in areas of heavy shade, with 49% of racemes produced at canopy locations receiving less than 2% full daylight, and 94% produced at locations receiving less than 16% full daylight. Most flowering appeared to occur on wood more than 3 years old. The capacity of different parts of the canopy to support fruit set and retention increased with proximity to the more irradiated parts of the canopy, but fruit production was still high deep within the lower part of the canopy, with 50% of fruit produced at canopy locations receiving less than 2% full daylight, and 90% produced at locations receiving less than 16% full daylight.
对于澳洲坚果品种马卡达姆（Macadamia integrifolia Maiden and Betche var. 849），我们在4年时间里比较了四种不同方式和强度的去枝策略，涉及对产量、树冠内光照分布以及新的营养枝、总状花序和果实的影响。去枝会降低产量。产量降低与修剪强度相关，而非修剪方式。去枝在中期对果园地面的光照穿透影响较小。在树冠内，新梢产量和总状花序产量呈负相关。高光条件有利于新梢生长；总状花序主要出现在浓荫区域，树冠中接受不到2%全日照的位置产生了49%的总状花序，接受不到16%全日照的位置产生了94%的总状花序。大多数花似乎开在树龄超过3年的枝条上。树冠不同部位支持坐果和保果的能力随着靠近树冠受光较多的部位而增强，但树冠下部深处的果实产量仍然很高，树冠中接受不到2%全日照的位置产生了50%的果实，接受不到16%全日照的位置产生了90%的果实。
