Barrios-Masias Felipe H, Chetelat Roger T, Grulke Nancy E, Jackson Louise E
Department of Land, Air and Water Resources, University of California Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
Department of Plant Sciences, University of California Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
Funct Plant Biol. 2014 Feb;41(2):119-132. doi: 10.1071/FP13097.
Field and greenhouse studies examined the effects of growth habit and chloroplast presence in leaf veins for their role in increasing agronomic water use efficiency and yields of California modern processing tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) cultivars. Five introgression lines (ILs), made with Solanum pennellii Cor. in the genetic background of cultivar M82, differ in genes that map to a region on Chromosome 5, including the SP5G gene (determinate vs. semideterminate (Det vs. SemiDet)) and the obv gene (presence (obscure) vs. absence (clear) of leaf vein chloroplasts (Obs vs. Clr)). The five ILs and M82 represented three of the four gene combinations (Det-Clr was unavailable). Det-Obs ILs had less leaf, stem and total aboveground biomass with earlier fruit set and ripening than SemiDet-Clr ILs. By harvest, total fruit biomass was not different among ILs. Photosynthetic rates and stomatal conductance were 4-7% and 13-26% higher, respectively, in Det-Obs ILs than SemiDet-Clr ILs. SemiDet-Obs ILs were intermediate for growth and gas exchange variables. The Det-Obs ILs had lower leaf N concentration and similar chlorophyll content per leaf area (but slightly higher per leaf mass) than SemiDet-Clr ILs. The Obs trait was associated with gains in leaf gas exchange-related traits. This study suggests that a more compact growth habit, less leaf biomass and higher C assimilation capacity per leaf area were relevant traits for the increased yields in cultivars with determinate growth. Developing new introgression libraries would contribute to understanding the multiple trait effects of desirable phenotypes.
田间和温室研究考察了生长习性以及叶脉中叶绿体的存在对提高加利福尼亚现代加工番茄（Solanum lycopersicum L.）品种农艺水分利用效率和产量的作用。在M82品种的遗传背景下，利用野生潘那利番茄（Solanum pennellii Cor.）培育了五个渐渗系（ILs），这些渐渗系在定位到5号染色体一个区域的基因上存在差异，包括SP5G基因（有限生长型与半有限生长型（Det与SemiDet））和obv基因（叶脉叶绿体存在（模糊）与不存在（清晰）（Obs与Clr））。这五个渐渗系和M82代表了四种基因组合中的三种（Det-Clr组合不可用）。与半有限生长型-清晰叶脉（SemiDet-Clr）渐渗系相比，有限生长型-模糊叶脉（Det-Obs）渐渗系的叶片、茎和地上部总生物量较少，坐果和成熟较早。到收获时，各渐渗系的果实总生物量没有差异。有限生长型-模糊叶脉渐渗系的光合速率和气孔导度分别比半有限生长型-清晰叶脉渐渗系高4 - 7%和13 - 26%。半有限生长型-模糊叶脉（SemiDet-Obs）渐渗系在生长和气体交换变量方面处于中间水平。与半有限生长型-清晰叶脉渐渗系相比，有限生长型-模糊叶脉渐渗系的叶片氮浓度较低，单位叶面积叶绿素含量相似（但单位叶质量略高）。模糊叶脉（Obs）性状与叶片气体交换相关性状的增加有关。本研究表明，更紧凑的生长习性、较少的叶片生物量和较高的单位叶面积碳同化能力是有限生长型品种产量增加的相关性状。开发新的渐渗文库将有助于理解理想表型的多性状效应。
