Turner Neil C, Blum Abraham, Cakir Mehmet, Steduto Pasquale, Tuberosa Roberto, Young Neil
The University of Western Australia Institute of Agriculture and Centre for Plant Genetics and Breeding, M080, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia.
Plantstress.com, PO Box 16246, Tel Aviv, Israel.
Funct Plant Biol. 2014 Oct;41(11):1199-1206. doi: 10.1071/FP14057.
The objective of the InterDrought conferences is to be a platform for debating key issues that are relevant for increasing the yield and yield stability of crops under drought via integrated approaches. InterDrought-IV, held in Perth, Australia, in September 2013, followed previous InterDrought conferences in bringing together researchers in agronomy, soil science, modelling, physiology, biochemistry, molecular biology, genetics and plant breeding. Key themes were (i) maximising water productivity; (ii) maximising dryland crop production; (iii) adaptation to water-limited environments; (iv) plant productivity under drought through effective water capture, improved transpiration efficiency, and growth and yield; and (v) breeding for water-limited environments through variety development, and trait-based genomics-assisted and transgenic approaches. This paper highlights some key issues and presents recommendations for future action. Improved agronomic interventions were recognised as being important contributors to improved dryland crop yields in water-limited environments, and new methods for exploring root architecture and water capture were highlighted. The increase in crop yields under drought through breeding and selection, the development of high-throughput phenotyping facilities for field-grown and pot-grown plants, and advances in understanding the molecular basis of plant responses and resistance to drought stress were recognised. Managed environment phenotyping facilities, a range of field environments, modelling, and genomic molecular tools are being used to select and release drought-resistant cultivars of all major crops. Delegates discussed how individuals and small teams can contribute to progress, and concluded that interdisciplinary research, linkages to international agricultural research centres, public-private partnerships and continuation of the InterDrought conferences will be instrumental for progress.
“干旱问题国际会议”的目标是成为一个平台，用于辩论通过综合方法提高干旱条件下作物产量和产量稳定性的关键问题。2013年9月在澳大利亚珀斯举行的第四届“干旱问题国际会议”，与之前的会议一样，汇聚了农学、土壤科学、建模、生理学、生物化学、分子生物学、遗传学和植物育种等领域的研究人员。关键主题包括：（i）最大化水分生产率；（ii）最大化旱地作物产量；（iii）适应水分受限环境；（iv）通过有效的水分获取、提高蒸腾效率以及生长和产量实现干旱条件下的植物生产力；（v）通过品种培育以及基于性状的基因组辅助和转基因方法培育适应水分受限环境的品种。本文重点介绍了一些关键问题，并提出了未来行动的建议。改良的农艺措施被认为是在水分受限环境中提高旱地作物产量的重要因素，同时还强调了探索根系结构和水分获取的新方法。人们认识到通过育种和选择提高干旱条件下的作物产量、为田间种植和盆栽植物开发高通量表型分析设施，以及在理解植物对干旱胁迫的反应和抗性的分子基础方面取得的进展。可控环境表型分析设施、一系列田间环境、建模以及基因组分子工具正被用于选择和推广所有主要作物的抗旱品种。与会代表讨论了个人和小团队如何为取得进展做出贡献，并得出结论认为跨学科研究、与国际农业研究中心的联系、公私伙伴关系以及继续举办“干旱问题国际会议”将对取得进展起到重要作用。
