Department of Chest Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.
Department of Chest Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.
J Formos Med Assoc. 2020 Jun;119 Suppl 1:S23-S31. doi: 10.1016/j.jfma.2020.05.012. Epub 2020 May 30.
The lungs are the most common disease site of nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM). However, the isolation of NTM in a respiratory specimen does not indicate lung disease (LD). Differentiation between NTM colonization and NTM-LD remains challenging. In this brief review, we summarize the clinical impact of NTM-LD on morbidity and mortality in high-risk populations. The diagnosis criteria for NTM-LD-including clinical features, radiological presentations, and microbiological evidence-are also reviewed, according to the latest American Thoracic Society (ATS)/Infectious Disease Society of America (IDSA) guideline and the British Thoracic Society (BTS) guideline. However, the diagnosis of NTM-LD does not necessitate the initiation of anti-NTM treatment. Both environmental, host, and bacterial factors should be considered to identify patients that require NTM-LD treatment.
肺部是非结核分枝杆菌（NTM）最常见的疾病部位。然而，呼吸道标本中分离出 NTM 并不表明存在肺部疾病（LD）。区分 NTM 定植和 NTM-LD 仍然具有挑战性。在这篇简短的综述中，我们总结了 NTM-LD 对高危人群发病率和死亡率的临床影响。根据最新的美国胸科学会（ATS）/传染病学会（IDSA）指南和英国胸科学会（BTS）指南，我们还回顾了 NTM-LD 的诊断标准，包括临床特征、影像学表现和微生物学证据。然而，NTM-LD 的诊断并不一定需要开始抗 NTM 治疗。应考虑环境、宿主和细菌因素，以确定需要 NTM-LD 治疗的患者。
