United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Wisconsin Department of Health Services, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.
J Infect Dis. 2020 Sep 14;222(8):1311-1319. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiaa307.
During 2017, a multistate outbreak investigation occurred after the confirmation of Seoul virus (SEOV) infections in people and pet rats. A total of 147 humans and 897 rats were tested.
In addition to immunoglobulin (Ig)G and IgM serology and traditional reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), novel quantitative RT-PCR primers/probe were developed, and whole genome sequencing was performed.
Seventeen people had SEOV IgM, indicating recent infection; 7 reported symptoms and 3 were hospitalized. All patients recovered. Thirty-one facilities in 11 US states had SEOV infection, and among those with ≥10 rats tested, rat IgG prevalence ranged 2%-70% and SEOV RT-PCR positivity ranged 0%-70%. Human laboratory-confirmed cases were significantly associated with rat IgG positivity and RT-PCR positivity (P = .03 and P = .006, respectively). Genomic sequencing identified >99.5% homology between SEOV sequences in this outbreak, and these were >99% identical to SEOV associated with previous pet rat infections in England, the Netherlands, and France. Frequent trade of rats between home-based ratteries contributed to transmission of SEOV between facilities.
Pet rat owners, breeders, and the healthcare and public health community should be aware and take steps to prevent SEOV transmission in pet rats and to humans. Biosecurity measures and diagnostic testing can prevent further infections.
2017 年，在确认人类和宠物鼠感染首尔病毒（SEOV）后，开展了一项多州暴发调查。共检测了 147 名人类和 897 只大鼠。
除了免疫球蛋白（Ig）G 和 IgM 血清学和传统的逆转录聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）外，还开发了新型定量 RT-PCR 引物/探针，并进行了全基因组测序。
17 人 SEOV IgM 阳性，提示近期感染；7 人报告有症状，3 人住院。所有患者均康复。美国 11 个州的 31 个设施发生了 SEOV 感染，在检测了≥10 只大鼠的设施中，大鼠 IgG 阳性率为 2%-70%，SEOV RT-PCR 阳性率为 0%-70%。人类实验室确诊病例与大鼠 IgG 阳性和 RT-PCR 阳性显著相关（P=.03 和 P=.006）。基因组测序确定了此次暴发中 SEOV 序列之间>99.5%的同源性，与之前在英国、荷兰和法国与宠物鼠感染相关的 SEOV 同源性>99%。家庭饲养者之间频繁交易大鼠导致了 SEOV 在设施之间的传播。
宠物鼠主人、饲养者以及医疗保健和公共卫生界应提高认识，并采取措施预防宠物鼠和人类中 SEOV 的传播。生物安全措施和诊断检测可以预防进一步感染。
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