Kim Bo-Kyung Elizabeth, Gilman Amanda B, Tan Kevin P, Kosterman Rick, Bailey Jennifer A, Catalano Richard F, Hawkins J David
USC Suzanne Dworak-Peck School of Social Work, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Washington State Center for Court Research Administrative Office of the Courts, Olympia, Washington, USA.
Crim Behav Ment Health. 2020 Aug;30(4):210-220. doi: 10.1002/cbm.2156. Epub 2020 Jun 2.
Few longitudinal studies are capable of identifying criminal career profiles using both self-report and official court data beyond the 30s. The current study aims to identify criminal career profiles across three developmental periods using self-report data, validate these profiles with official court records and determine early childhood predictors. Data came from the Seattle Social Development Project (n = 808). Latent Class Analysis was used to examine criminal careers from self-reported data during adolescence (aged 14-18), early adulthood (aged 21-27) and middle adulthood (aged 30-39). Official court records were used to validate the classes. Childhood risk and promotive factors measured at ages 11-12 were used to predict classes. Findings revealed four career classes: non-offending (35.6%), adolescence-limited (33.2%), adult desister (18.3%) and life-course/persistent (12.9%). Official court records are consistent with the description of the classes. Early life school and family environments as well as having antisocial beliefs and friends differentiate membership across the classes. The results of this study, with a gender-balanced and racially diverse sample, bolster the current criminal career knowledge by examining multiple developmental periods into the 30s using both self-report and official court data.
很少有纵向研究能够在30岁以后同时使用自我报告和官方法庭数据来识别犯罪生涯概况。本研究旨在利用自我报告数据识别三个发展阶段的犯罪生涯概况，用官方法庭记录验证这些概况，并确定儿童早期的预测因素。数据来自西雅图社会发展项目（n = 808）。潜在类别分析用于研究青少年期（14 - 18岁）、成年早期（21 - 27岁）和成年中期（30 - 39岁）自我报告数据中的犯罪生涯。官方法庭记录用于验证类别。在11 - 12岁时测量的儿童期风险和促进因素用于预测类别。研究结果揭示了四种生涯类别：非犯罪型（35.6%）、青春期有限型（33.2%）、成年停止型（18.3%）和终生/持续型（12.9%）。官方法庭记录与这些类别的描述一致。早期的学校和家庭环境以及具有反社会信念和朋友会使不同类别之间的成员有所差异。本研究的结果，样本具有性别平衡和种族多样性，通过使用自我报告和官方法庭数据对30多岁的多个发展阶段进行研究，加强了当前关于犯罪生涯的知识。
