16112University of Maryland School of Nursing, Baltimore, MD, USA.
20425Connecticut Children's Medical Center, Hartford, CT, USA.
Am J Hosp Palliat Care. 2021 Jun;38(6):658-670. doi: 10.1177/1049909120928063. Epub 2020 Jun 3.
The Asian American (AA) population is rapidly becoming one of the largest racial/ethnic groups in the United States. Despite this growth and advances in palliative care (PC) programs in the United States, the scope and nature of the literature regarding PC for AAs remains unclear. This review provides an overview of existing research on PC for AAs, identifies gaps in the research with recommendations for future research and delineates practice implications.
A scoping review of studies published in English was conducted. Electronic Databases (PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, and PsycINFO databases) were searched up to December 2019. No starting date limit was set. Arksey and O'Malley's methodological framework was followed for scoping reviews.
Of 2390 publications initially identified, 42 studies met our inclusion criteria for this review. Southeast AA subgroups remain understudied compared to East and South AAs. Most studies were descriptive; a few (n = 3) evaluated effectiveness of PC interventions for AAs. Research synthesized in this review addresses the following topics and includes considerations in PC related to care recipients and their relatives: treatment choice discussions (73%), coordination of care with health care providers (26%), symptom management (14%), and emotional support (10%). This review identified various factors around PC for AAs, specifically the influence of cultural aspects, including levels of acculturation, traditional norms and values, and religious beliefs.
A culturally inclusive approach is vital to providing appropriate and accessible PC for AAs. Further research is needed concerning core PC components and effective interventions across diverse AA subgroups.
亚裔美国人（AA）群体在美国迅速成为最大的种族/族裔群体之一。尽管美国的缓和医疗（PC）项目取得了进展，但针对 AA 群体的 PC 文献的范围和性质仍不清楚。本综述概述了针对 AA 群体的 PC 现有研究，确定了研究中的空白，并为未来的研究提出了建议，同时阐述了实践意义。
对以英文发表的研究进行了范围综述。电子数据库（PubMed、Embase、CINAHL 和 PsycINFO 数据库）检索截至 2019 年 12 月的文献。没有设置起始日期限制。本综述遵循 Arksey 和 O'Malley 的方法学框架进行。
最初确定的 2390 篇论文中有 42 篇符合纳入本综述的标准。与东亚和南亚 AA 相比，东南亚 AA 亚组的研究仍相对较少。大多数研究为描述性研究；少数（n=3）评估了针对 AA 的 PC 干预措施的效果。本综述综合了以下主题的研究，包括与护理接受者及其亲属相关的 PC 考虑因素：治疗选择讨论（73%）、与医疗保健提供者协调护理（26%）、症状管理（14%）和情绪支持（10%）。本综述确定了针对 AA 的 PC 的各种因素，特别是文化方面的影响，包括文化适应程度、传统规范和价值观以及宗教信仰。
提供适合和可及的 AA 缓和医疗服务，需要采取文化包容性方法。需要进一步研究针对不同 AA 亚组的 PC 核心内容和有效干预措施。
