Guzmán-Méndez Irán A, Rivera-Madrid Renata, Planes Serge, Boissin Emilie, Cróquer Aldo, Agudo-Adriani Esteban, González-Gándara Carlos, Perez-España Horacio, Giro-Petersen Ana, Luque Jenny, García-Rivas María Del C, Aguilar-Espinosa Margarita, Arguelles Jiménez Jimmy, Arias-González Jesus E
Laboratorio de Ecología de Ecosistemas de Arrecifes Coralinos Departamento de Recursos del Mar Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del I.P.N.- Unidad Mérida Mérida México.
Department of Biological Sciences Marquette University Milwaukee WI USA.
Ecol Evol. 2020 Apr 16;10(9):3844-3855. doi: 10.1002/ece3.5829. eCollection 2020 May.
Lionfish () have rapidly invaded the tropical Atlantic and spread across the wider Caribbean in a relatively short period of time. Because of its high invasion capacity, we used it as a model to identify the connectivity among nine marine protected areas (MPAs) situated in four countries in the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean Sea. This study provides evidence of local genetic differentiation of in the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean Sea. A total of 475 lionfish samples were characterized with 12 microsatellites, with 6-20 alleles per locus. Departures from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) were found in 10 of the 12 loci, all caused by heterozygous excess. Moderate genetic differentiation was observed between Chiriviche, Venezuela and Xcalak, México localities ( = 0.012), and between the Los Roques and the Veracruz ( = 0.074) sites. STRUCTURE analysis found that four genetic entities best fit our data. A unique genetic group in the Gulf of Mexico may imply that the lionfish invasion unfolded both in a counterclockwise manner in the Gulf of Mexico. In spite of the notable dispersion of , our results show some genetic structure, as do other noninvasive Caribbean fish species, suggesting that the connectivity in some MPAs analyzed in the Caribbean is limited and caused by only a few source individuals with subsequent genetic drift leading to local genetic differentiation. This indicates that dispersion could be caused by mesoscale phenomena, which produce stochastic connectivity pulses. Due to the isolation of some MPAs from others, these findings may hold a promise for local short-term control of by means of intensive fishing, even in MPAs, and may have regional long-term effects.
狮子鱼（）已迅速入侵热带大西洋，并在相对较短的时间内扩散到更广阔的加勒比地区。由于其强大的入侵能力，我们将其作为模型来确定位于墨西哥湾和加勒比海四个国家的九个海洋保护区（MPA）之间的连通性。本研究提供了墨西哥湾和加勒比海狮子鱼局部遗传分化的证据。共对475个狮子鱼样本进行了12个微卫星标记分析，每个位点有6 - 20个等位基因。在12个位点中的10个发现偏离哈迪 - 温伯格平衡（HWE），均由杂合子过剩引起。在委内瑞拉的奇里维切和墨西哥的卡尔阿克地点之间（ = 0.012）以及洛斯罗克斯和韦拉克鲁斯地点之间（ = 0.074）观察到中等程度的遗传分化。STRUCTURE分析发现四个遗传实体最符合我们的数据。墨西哥湾的一个独特遗传群体可能意味着狮子鱼在墨西哥湾以逆时针方式展开入侵。尽管狮子鱼分布广泛，但我们的结果显示出一些遗传结构，其他非入侵性加勒比鱼类也是如此，这表明在加勒比地区分析的一些MPA中的连通性有限，是由少数源个体随后的遗传漂变导致局部遗传分化造成的。这表明狮子鱼的扩散可能是由中尺度现象引起的，这些现象产生随机的连通性脉冲。由于一些MPA与其他MPA隔离，这些发现可能为通过密集捕捞在当地甚至在MPA内对狮子鱼进行短期控制带来希望，并可能产生区域长期影响。
