Evaristo Anna Maria da Cruz Ferreira, Sevá Anaiá da Paixão, Oliveira Glauber Meneses Barboza de, Silva Ivo Wesley Gomes da, Ferreira Matheus Silva, Souza Eline Almeida Rodrigues de, Silva José Alexandre Menezes, Azevedo Sergio Santos, Horta Mauricio Claudio
Laboratório de Doenças Parasitárias, Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco, Petrolina, PE, Brasil.
Departamento de Modelagem Computacional em Ciência e Tecnologia, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilhéus, BA, Brasil.
Rev Bras Parasitol Vet. 2020;29(2):e001120. doi: 10.1590/s1984-29612020027. Epub 2020 Jun 1.
This study aimed to determine the seroprevalence, factors associated with seropositivity to Leishmania infection in dogs and spatial analysis in six municipalities in the semiarid region of Pernambuco, Brazil. Blood samples were collected from 462 dogs, 77 in each municipality, and used for serological analysis [dual path platform (DPP®) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)]. Clinical signs of dogs were evaluated and associated factors for Leishmania infection were analyzed using robust Poisson regression model. A seroprevalence of 42.8% (198/462, IC: 95% = 38.6%-47.6%) was detected in dogs that tested positive in both tests, ranging from 29.8% to 55.8%, with higher prevalence in the municipality of Cabrobó (55.8%; P = 0.006). About 67% (132/198) of the seropositive dogs showed one or more clinical signs suggestive of canine leishmaniasis (CanL), such as lymphadenomegaly, skin lesions and conjunctivitis, which were associated with seropositivity. High seroprevalence levels were identified in urban and rural areas in all the municipalities, and the buffer for sand flies around cases covered almost these entire areas. Spatial analysis revealed a significant cluster, showing a relative risk of 1.88 in the urban area of Cabrobó. The higher density of seropositive dogs in urban areas indicates the need effective control measures against CanL to prevent the emergence of canine and human diseases.
本研究旨在确定巴西伯南布哥州半干旱地区六个市犬利什曼原虫感染的血清阳性率、血清阳性相关因素及空间分析。从462只犬采集血样，每个市77只，用于血清学分析[双路径平台（DPP®）和酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）]。评估犬的临床症状，并使用稳健泊松回归模型分析利什曼原虫感染的相关因素。在两种检测均呈阳性的犬中检测到血清阳性率为42.8%（198/462，95%置信区间=38.6%-47.6%），范围在29.8%至55.8%之间，卡罗布市的患病率更高（55.8%；P = 0.006）。约67%（132/198）的血清阳性犬表现出一种或多种提示犬利什曼病（CanL）的临床症状，如淋巴结肿大、皮肤病变和结膜炎，这些与血清阳性有关。在所有市的城市和农村地区均发现高血清阳性率水平，病例周围白蛉的缓冲区几乎覆盖了这些整个区域。空间分析显示有一个显著的聚集区，卡罗布市市区的相对风险为1.88。城市地区血清阳性犬的较高密度表明需要采取有效的CanL控制措施，以预防犬类和人类疾病的出现。
