Shakeri Majid, Oskoueian Ehsan, Le Hieu Huu, Shakeri Mehdi
Department of Medicine, The University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
Mashhad Branch, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran, Agricultural Research, Education, and Extension Organization, Mashhad 511, Iran.
Vet Sci. 2020 Jun 1;7(2):71. doi: 10.3390/vetsci7020071.
Heat stress compromises efficient poultry production by impairing growth performance and increasing mortality. Mechanisms to dissipate excess heat divert energy from efficient production. This includes increased energy expenditure for respiration, oxidative stress and micronutrient absorption. The fortification of diets with particular feed additives has been known as one of the most important approaches to minimize the negative impacts of heat stress on broiler production. In this context, the promising functional feed additives appeared to be selenium and vitamins E and C. The fortification of broiler diets with these feed additives has been proven to enhance the function of vital organs, immune system response and growth performance of broilers under heat stress. The current review highlights recent successful experiences in the alleviation of heat stress symptoms in broilers using the above-mentioned additives. Selenium and vitamins E and C enhanced production performance in broiler chickens challenged with acute heat stress. The combination of these additives, by employing multiple mechanisms and through synergistic effects, improves heat stress symptoms more efficiently than their individual forms. Emerging literature reveals that selenium and vitamins E and C are involved in close interactions to protect proteins and lipids from oxidative damage and boost immune system function.
热应激通过损害生长性能和增加死亡率，影响家禽生产效率。散热机制会使能量从高效生产中转移。这包括呼吸、氧化应激和微量营养素吸收方面能量消耗的增加。用特定饲料添加剂强化日粮，一直是将热应激对肉鸡生产的负面影响降至最低的最重要方法之一。在这种情况下，有前景的功能性饲料添加剂似乎是硒以及维生素E和C。用这些饲料添加剂强化肉鸡日粮已被证明能增强热应激下肉鸡重要器官的功能、免疫系统反应和生长性能。本综述重点介绍了近期使用上述添加剂缓解肉鸡热应激症状的成功经验。硒以及维生素E和C提高了遭受急性热应激的肉鸡的生产性能。这些添加剂组合通过多种机制并产生协同效应，比其单独使用时更有效地改善热应激症状。新出现的文献表明，硒以及维生素E和C密切相互作用，保护蛋白质和脂质免受氧化损伤，并增强免疫系统功能。
