Kazakov Andrey G, Garashchenko Bogdan L, Ivanova Milana K, Vinokurov Sergey E, Myasoedov Boris F
Vernadsky Institute of Geochemistry and Analytical Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences,Radiochemistry Laboratory, 19 Kosygin st., 119991 Moscow, Russia.
Interdepartmental Center for Analytical Research on Problems in the Field of Physics, Chemistry, andBiology, of the Russian Academy of Sciences, bld. 6, Profsoyuznaya st. 65, 117342 Moscow, Russia.
Nanomaterials (Basel). 2020 Jun 1;10(6):1090. doi: 10.3390/nano10061090.
In present work, carbon nanomaterials (CNMs) are investigated as potential carriers of Ga, which is widely used in positron emission tomography (PET) in nuclear medicine. Sorption behavior of Ga was studied onto CNMs of various structures and chemical compositions: nanodiamonds (ND), reduced graphite oxide (rGiO) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT), as well as their oxidized (ND-COOH) or reduced (rGiO-H, MWCNT-H) forms. The physicochemical properties of the nanoparticles were determined by high resolution transmission electron microscopy, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering and potentiometric titration. The content of Ga in the solutions during the study of sorption was determined by gamma-ray spectrometry. The highest degree of Ga sorption was observed on ND and ND-COOH samples, and the optimal sorption conditions were determined: an aqueous solution with a pH of 5-7, m/V ratio of 50 μg/mL and a room temperature (25 °C). The Ga@ND and Ga@ND-COOH conjugates were found to be stable in a model blood solution-phosphate-buffered saline with a pH of 7.3, containing 40 g/L of bovine serum albumin: Ga desorption from these samples in 90 minutes was no more than 20% at 25 °С and up to 30% at 37 °С. Such a quantity of desorbed Ga does not harm the body and does not interfere with the PET imaging process. Thus, ND and ND-COOH are promising CNMs for using as carriers of Ga for PET diagnostics.
在本研究中，对碳纳米材料（CNMs）作为镓的潜在载体进行了研究，镓在核医学的正电子发射断层扫描（PET）中被广泛应用。研究了镓在各种结构和化学组成的碳纳米材料上的吸附行为：纳米金刚石（ND）、还原氧化石墨烯（rGiO）和多壁碳纳米管（MWCNT），以及它们的氧化形式（ND-COOH）或还原形式（rGiO-H、MWCNT-H）。通过高分辨率透射电子显微镜、X射线光电子能谱、动态光散射和电位滴定法测定了纳米颗粒的物理化学性质。在吸附研究过程中，通过γ射线光谱法测定溶液中镓的含量。在ND和ND-COOH样品上观察到最高程度的镓吸附，并确定了最佳吸附条件：pH为5-7的水溶液、m/V比为50μg/mL以及室温（25℃）。发现Ga@ND和Ga@ND-COOH缀合物在pH为7.3、含有40g/L牛血清白蛋白的模拟血液溶液 - 磷酸盐缓冲盐水中稳定：在25℃下，这些样品在90分钟内的镓解吸率不超过20%，在37℃下高达30%。如此数量的解吸镓不会对身体造成伤害，也不会干扰PET成像过程。因此，ND和ND-COOH是用于PET诊断的有前景的镓载体碳纳米材料。
