Programa de Pós-Graduação em Doenças Infecciosas e Parasitárias- Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande, MS, Brasil.
Laboratório de Biologia Molecular do Carrapato, Departamento de Sanidade Animal, Embrapa Gado de Corte, Campo Grande, MS, Brasil.
Sci Rep. 2020 Jun 3;10(1):9043. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-65991-1.
Neosporosis primarily affects cattle and dogs and is not currently considered a zoonotic disease. Toxoplasmosis is a zoonosis with a worldwide distribution that is asymptomatic in most cases, but when acquired during pregnancy, it can have serious consequences. The seropositivity rates determined by the indirect fluorescent antibody test for Neospora caninum (N. caninum) and Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) were 24.3% (49 samples) and 26.8% (54 samples), respectively. PCR positivity for N. caninum was observed in two samples of cord blood (1%) using the Nc5 and ITS1 gene, positivity for T. gondii was observed in 16 samples using the primer for the B1 gene (5.5% positivity in cord blood and 2.5% positivity in placental tissue). None of the samples showed structures characteristic of tissue cysts or inflammatory infiltrate on histopathology. Significant associations were observed only between N. caninum seropositivity and the presence of domestic animals (p = 0.039) and presence of dogs (p = 0.038) and between T. gondii seropositivity and basic sanitation (p = 0.04). This study obtained important findings regarding the seroprevalence and molecular detection of N. caninum and T. gondii in pregnant women; however, more studies are necessary to establish a correlation between risk factors and infection.
刚地弓形虫病呈世界性分布，以隐性感染为主，通常无明显临床症状，但孕妇感染可导致严重后果。本研究采用间接荧光抗体试验（IFA）检测 103 例孕妇血清中抗刚地弓形虫（Toxoplasma gondii）和抗新生隐球菌（Neospora caninum）的抗体，结果显示抗新生隐球菌抗体阳性率为 24.3%（49/103），抗刚地弓形虫抗体阳性率为 26.8%（28/103）。应用 Nc5 和 ITS1 基因 PCR 方法检测 103 例孕妇脐带血和胎盘组织样本，结果显示 2 例（1%）脐带血样本中检测到新生隐球菌，16 例（5.5%）脐带血和 5 例（2.5%）胎盘组织样本中检测到刚地弓形虫。组织病理学检查均未见组织包囊或炎症细胞浸润的特征性结构。相关性分析显示，抗新生隐球菌抗体阳性与家养动物（p=0.039）和犬（p=0.038）的存在相关，抗刚地弓形虫抗体阳性与基本卫生条件（p=0.04）相关。本研究在巴西东北部地区首次报道了孕妇中新生隐球菌和刚地弓形虫的血清学和分子流行率，但其与感染的相关性仍需进一步研究。
