Soltanmanesh Ali, Naeij Hamid Reza, Shafiee Afshin
Research Group on Foundations of Quantum Theory and Information, Department of Chemistry, Sharif University of Technology, P.O.Box 11365-9516, Tehran, Iran.
School of Physics, Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences (IPM), P.O.Box 19395-5531, Tehran, Iran.
Sci Rep. 2020 Jun 3;10(1):9045. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-65800-9.
We propose an experiment to investigate the possibility of long-distance thermodynamic relationships between two entangled particles. We consider a pair of spin-[Formula: see text] particles prepared in an entangled singlet state in which one particle is sent to Alice and the other to her distant mate Bob, who are spatially separated. Our proposed experiment consists of three different setups: First, both particles are coupled to two heat baths with various temperatures. In the second setup, only Alice's particle is coupled to a heat bath and finally, in the last setup, only Bob's particle is coupled to a heat bath. We study the evolution of an open quantum system using the first law of thermodynamics based on the concepts of ergotropy, adiabatic work, and operational heat, in a quantum fashion. We analyze and compare ergotropy and heat transfer in three setups. Our results show that the heat transfer for each entangled particle is not independent of the thermalization process that occurs for the other one. We prove that the existence of quantum correlations affects the thermodynamic behavior of distant particles in an entangled state.
我们提出了一个实验，以研究两个纠缠粒子之间存在长程热力学关系的可能性。我们考虑一对处于纠缠单态的自旋 - [公式：见正文] 粒子，其中一个粒子被发送给爱丽丝，另一个被发送给她在空间上相隔遥远的伙伴鲍勃。我们提出的实验由三种不同的设置组成：首先，两个粒子都与两个具有不同温度的热库耦合。在第二种设置中，只有爱丽丝的粒子与一个热库耦合，最后，在最后一种设置中，只有鲍勃的粒子与一个热库耦合。我们以量子方式，基于能质、绝热功和操作热的概念，利用热力学第一定律研究开放量子系统的演化。我们分析并比较了三种设置中的能质和热传递。我们的结果表明，每个纠缠粒子的热传递并非独立于另一个粒子发生的热化过程。我们证明了量子关联的存在会影响处于纠缠态的遥远粒子的热力学行为。
