Jones Connor B, Meier Madeline H, Corbin William E, Chassin Laurie
Department of Psychology.
Psychol Addict Behav. 2021 Mar;35(2):187-198. doi: 10.1037/adb0000636. Epub 2020 Jun 4.
Executive cognitive functioning (ECF) and trait impulsivity have long been implicated in risky drinking and alcohol-related problems. However, research on these constructs has developed independently. The present study tested whether two subdomains of adolescent ECF (updating and response inhibition) and adolescent trait impulsivity, considered separately and together, predicted young-adult risky drinking and alcohol-related problems. Data came from the Adolescent/Adult Family Development Project-a longitudinal study of the intergenerational transmission of alcohol use. Alcohol-naïve youth ages 11-17 ( = 249) completed three tasks tapping ECF subdomains of updating (letter-number sequencing, matrix span task) and inhibition (immediate memory task) and a self-reported measure of trait impulsivity (UPPS-P). Approximately 7 years later (ages 18-25), participants reported on their drinking behavior (maximum drinks in a day, heavy episodic drinking, alcohol-related problems). We tested whether adolescent ECF and trait impulsivity predicted young-adult drinking outcomes, separately and together. Results showed that poorer adolescent ECF (a latent factor) predicted more maximum drinks in a day (Incidence Rate Ratios [IRR] = 1.27, = .001) but not young-adult heavy episodic drinking and alcohol-related problems. In contrast, adolescent trait impulsivity predicted all three outcomes: maximum drinks in a day (IRR = 1.34, < .001), heavy episodic drinking (β = 0.27, < .001), and alcohol-related problems in young adulthood (IRR = 1.60, = .001). Results were similar when adolescent ECF and trait impulsivity were considered together in the same model. Findings suggest that adolescent trait impulsivity is a robust predictor of young-adult risky drinking and alcohol-related problems. Adolescent ECF, and specifically response inhibition, may add predictive value over and above trait impulsivity for some alcohol outcomes. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).
长期以来，执行认知功能（ECF）和特质冲动性一直被认为与危险饮酒及酒精相关问题有关。然而，对这些概念的研究是独立开展的。本研究检验了青少年ECF的两个子领域（更新和反应抑制）以及青少年特质冲动性，单独及综合考虑时，是否能预测青年期的危险饮酒及酒精相关问题。数据来自青少年/成人家庭发展项目——一项关于饮酒行为代际传递的纵向研究。11至17岁（n = 249）未饮酒的青少年完成了三项任务，分别用于评估ECF的更新子领域（字母数字排序、矩阵广度任务）和抑制子领域（即时记忆任务），以及一项特质冲动性的自我报告测量（UPPS-P）。大约7年后（18至25岁），参与者报告了他们的饮酒行为（每日最大饮酒量、重度饮酒发作、酒精相关问题）。我们检验了青少年ECF和特质冲动性单独及综合起来是否能预测青年期的饮酒结果。结果显示，较差的青少年ECF（一个潜在因素）预测了每日更多的最大饮酒量（发病率比率[IRR] = 1.27，p = .001），但不能预测青年期的重度饮酒发作及酒精相关问题。相比之下，青少年特质冲动性预测了所有三个结果：每日最大饮酒量（IRR = 1.34，p < .001）、重度饮酒发作（β = 0.27，p < .001）以及青年期的酒精相关问题（IRR = 1.60，p = .001）。当在同一模型中综合考虑青少年ECF和特质冲动性时，结果相似。研究结果表明，青少年特质冲动性是青年期危险饮酒及酒精相关问题的有力预测指标。青少年ECF，特别是反应抑制，对于某些酒精结果可能在特质冲动性之外增加预测价值。（PsycInfo数据库记录（c）2021美国心理学会，保留所有权利）
