Department of Biological Sciences, University at Albany, SUNY, Albany, NY 12222, United States.
Neurosci Lett. 2020 Jul 27;732:135110. doi: 10.1016/j.neulet.2020.135110. Epub 2020 Jun 1.
Many synaptic studies have utilized the experimental advantages of the Arthropod NMJ and the most prominent preparations have been the crayfish and Drosophila larval NMJs. Early cellular studies in the crayfish established the framework for later molecular studies in Drosophila. The two neuromuscular systems are compared including the advantages presented by each preparation for cellular analysis. Beginning with the early work in the crayfish, research developments are followed in the areas of structure/function relationships, activity-dependent synaptic plasticity/development and synaptic homeostasis. A reoccurring theme in these studies is the regulation of active zone structure and function. Early studies in the crayfish focused on the role of active zone number/size and possible functional heterogeneity in regulating transmitter release. Recent studies in Drosophila have begun to characterize this heterogeneity using new approaches that combine imaging of transmitter release, Ca influx and molecular composition for individual active zones.
许多突触研究利用了节肢动物 NMJ 的实验优势，其中最突出的准备工作是螯虾和果蝇幼虫 NMJ。螯虾中的早期细胞研究为后来在果蝇中的分子研究奠定了框架。这两个神经肌肉系统进行了比较，包括每个准备工作在细胞分析方面的优势。从螯虾的早期工作开始，研究进展在结构/功能关系、活动依赖性突触可塑性/发育和突触稳态等领域展开。这些研究中的一个反复出现的主题是调节活性区的结构和功能。螯虾的早期研究集中在活性区数量/大小的作用以及调节递质释放的可能功能异质性上。最近在果蝇中进行的研究开始使用新的方法来描述这种异质性，这些方法将递质释放、Ca 流入和单个活性区的分子组成的成像结合起来。
