Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Free University of Brussels (VUB), Brussels, Belgium.
The Israeli School of Humanitarian Action, Tel Aviv, Israel.
Psychol Health. 2021 May;36(5):575-592. doi: 10.1080/08870446.2020.1775832. Epub 2020 Jun 5.
Condom use prevents the contraction of the HIV. Research shows limited effects of education on increasing condom use. Psychological inoculation (PI) has been found to be more effective in this domain, however, its mechanism is unknown. This study examined effects of PI versus education on condom use barriers and tendencies, and its relations with cognitive dissonance, using a fully automatized online system.
The study was a randomized controlled trial (RCT) and included 149 students from a German University randomly assigned to PI or a control condition.
An indirect condom use test (I-CUTE), a condom use barriers questionnaire, self-reported condom use, and cognitive dissonance estimations were all assessed at baseline and one-month post-intervention.
PI significantly increased I-CUTE scores when participants sexual relations. Control participants increased in self-reported condom use and on I-CUTE scores in people without sexual relations. No changes in barriers were seen in either group. The cognitive dissonance tended to be higher in PI participants as compared to control participants.
PI increases I-CUTE scores compared to controls (based on effect sizes), and significantly in those with sexual relations. The role of relationship status and the mechanisms of PI should be further examined.
使用避孕套可以预防感染 HIV。研究表明，教育对增加避孕套使用的效果有限。心理接种（PI）已被发现在此领域更有效，但它的机制尚不清楚。本研究使用完全自动化的在线系统，检验了 PI 与教育对避孕套使用障碍和倾向的影响，以及与认知失调的关系。
该研究是一项随机对照试验（RCT），包括来自德国一所大学的 149 名学生，他们被随机分配到 PI 或对照组。
间接避孕套使用测试（I-CUTE）、避孕套使用障碍问卷、自我报告的避孕套使用情况以及认知失调估计，均在基线和干预一个月后进行评估。
PI 显著增加了参与者发生性行为时的 I-CUTE 得分，而对照组参与者在没有性行为时增加了自我报告的避孕套使用量和 I-CUTE 得分。两组参与者的障碍均无变化。与对照组相比，PI 组的认知失调倾向更高。
与对照组相比，PI 增加了 I-CUTE 得分（基于效应大小），并且在有性行为的参与者中显著增加。应进一步研究关系状况和 PI 的作用机制。
