Liem Andrian, Natari Rifani B, Hall Brian J
Global and Community Mental Health Research Group, Department of Psychology, University of Macau, Macao (SAR), China.
School of Psychology and The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
Telemed J E Health. 2021 Jan;27(1):3-16. doi: 10.1089/tmj.2020.0012. Epub 2020 Jun 4.
To explore and summarize (1) the existing digital health applications in mental health care (MHC) for immigrants and refugees and its outcomes; (2) how the ethical standards of digital health applications in MHC are implemented and reported; and (3) the challenges for scaling up digital health applications in MHC for immigrants and refugees. This review adopted a rapid review methodology. Available literature was searched in three online databases January 1, 2005, to February 28, 2019. Studies were included if they (1) applied digital health technologies, (2) focused on immigrants, refugees, or asylum seekers without age and country limitation, (3) reported nonclinical and/or clinical outcomes, and (4) were published in English or Indonesian. Narrative synthesis was developed based on the data extraction and quality assessment. A total of 16 studies were reviewed that applied software, website, and videoconferencing technologies. These applications were applied in various stages of MHC (screening, assessment, diagnosis, and intervention). Participants reported satisfaction and positive attitudes toward applications of digital health in MHC, and positive improvement on their anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms. However, the ethical standards of these digital health applications were poorly implemented and reported. Stigma toward mental disorders and lack of technology literacy were the main challenges in scaling up digital health applications for immigrants and refugees. Digital health applications in MHC are promising innovations that can improve the wellbeing of immigrants and refugees. As these technologies expand, ethical standards of practice and reporting need to be improved in delivering scalable digital MHC for immigrants and refugees.
（1）现有用于移民和难民心理健康护理（MHC）的数字健康应用及其成果；（2）数字健康应用在MHC中的伦理标准是如何实施和报告的；（3）扩大针对移民和难民的MHC数字健康应用所面临的挑战。本综述采用快速综述方法。于2005年1月1日至2019年2月28日在三个在线数据库中检索了可得文献。纳入的研究需满足：（1）应用数字健康技术；（2）关注移民、难民或寻求庇护者，无年龄和国家限制；（3）报告非临床和/或临床结果；（4）以英文或印尼文发表。基于数据提取和质量评估进行叙述性综合分析。共审查了16项应用软件、网站和视频会议技术的研究。这些应用应用于MHC的各个阶段（筛查、评估、诊断和干预）。参与者对数字健康在MHC中的应用表示满意和积极态度，其焦虑、抑郁和创伤后应激障碍症状有积极改善。然而，这些数字健康应用的伦理标准实施和报告情况不佳。对精神障碍的污名化和缺乏技术素养是扩大针对移民和难民的数字健康应用的主要挑战。MHC中的数字健康应用是有前景的创新，可改善移民和难民的福祉。随着这些技术的扩展，在为移民和难民提供可扩展的数字MHC时，实践和报告的伦理标准需要改进。
