Hospital Universitario Puerto de Hierro-Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain.
Department of Pediatrics, Universidad Autónoma of Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
Endocrinology. 2020 Aug 1;161(8). doi: 10.1210/endocr/bqaa090.
Maternal nutrition can affect the susceptibility of the offspring to metabolic disease later in life, suggesting that this period is a window of opportunity for intervention to reduce the risk of metabolic disease. Resveratrol, a natural polyphenol, has a wide range of beneficial properties including anti-obesogenic, anti-atherosclerotic, and anti-diabetic effects. We previously reported that maternal resveratrol intake during pregnancy and lactation has early metabolic effects in the offspring with these effects at weaning depending on the type of diet ingested by the mother and the offspring's sex. Here we analyzed whether these metabolic changes are maintained in the adult offspring and if they remain sex and maternal diet dependent. Wistar rats received a low-fat diet (LFD; 10.2% Kcal from fat) or high fat diet (HFD; 61.6% Kcal from fat) during pregnancy and lactation. Half of each group received resveratrol in their drinking water (50 mg/L). Offspring were weaned onto standard chow on postnatal day 21. Maternal resveratrol reduced serum cholesterol levels in all adult offspring from HFD mothers and increased it in adult female offspring from LFD mothers. Resveratrol increased visceral adipose tissue (VAT) in LFD offspring in both sexes but decreased it in male HFD offspring. Resveratrol shifted the distribution of VAT adipocyte size to a significantly higher incidence of large adipocytes, regardless of sex or maternal diet. These results clearly demonstrate that maternal resveratrol intake has long-lasting effects on metabolic health of offspring in a sex specific manner with these effects being highly dependent on the maternal diet.
母体营养会影响后代在生命后期患代谢性疾病的易感性，这表明该时期是进行干预以降低代谢性疾病风险的机会窗口。白藜芦醇是一种天然多酚，具有广泛的有益特性，包括抗肥胖、抗动脉粥样硬化和抗糖尿病作用。我们之前报道过，妊娠和哺乳期母体摄入白藜芦醇会对后代产生早期代谢影响，这些影响在断奶时取决于母亲摄入的饮食类型和后代的性别。在这里，我们分析了这些代谢变化是否在成年后代中得到维持，以及它们是否仍然依赖于性别和母体饮食。Wistar 大鼠在妊娠和哺乳期接受低脂饮食（LFD；脂肪提供 10.2%的热量）或高脂肪饮食（HFD；脂肪提供 61.6%的热量）。每组的一半在饮用水中添加白藜芦醇（50mg/L）。后代在出生后第 21 天断奶至标准饲料。母体白藜芦醇降低了所有 HFD 母亲的成年后代的血清胆固醇水平，并增加了 LFD 母亲的成年雌性后代的血清胆固醇水平。白藜芦醇增加了 LFD 后代的内脏脂肪组织（VAT）在两性中，但减少了 HFD 雄性后代的内脏脂肪组织（VAT）。白藜芦醇改变了 VAT 脂肪细胞大小的分布，使大脂肪细胞的发生率显著增加，无论性别或母体饮食如何。这些结果清楚地表明，母体白藜芦醇的摄入以性别特异性的方式对后代的代谢健康产生持久影响，这些影响高度依赖于母体饮食。
