Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA; American Board of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery; American Academy of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery; Private Practice, Easthampton, MA, USA.
Facial Plast Surg Clin North Am. 2020 Aug;28(3):419-427. doi: 10.1016/j.fsc.2020.03.008. Epub 2020 May 6.
Please verify edit, "complications could". All operations have sequelae. These are to be expected and must be told to patients. With surgery, the risk of complications is ever-present albeit infrequent. Facelift surgeons have ethical and intellectual duties to fully inform patients of these risks. Surgeons also must have strategies to reduce the risks, knowledge in how to manage each potential risk, and ability to help patients understand how complications could have occurred and how to cope with them. This article discusses facelift complications, the causes thereof, and how to assess a problem, manage each complication, and comfort a distraught patient.
请核实编辑，“并发症可能”。所有操作都有后遗症。这些是可以预料的，必须告知患者。手术时，并发症的风险始终存在，尽管很少见。面部提升手术医生有道德和知识上的责任，要向患者充分告知这些风险。外科医生还必须有策略来降低风险，了解如何管理每一个潜在的风险，以及帮助患者理解并发症是如何发生的，并如何应对。本文讨论了面部提升术的并发症、其原因，以及如何评估问题、处理每一种并发症，以及安慰心烦意乱的患者。
