Hospital Universitario de Canarias, Department of Cardiology, Tenerife, Spain; Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Europea de Canarias, Tenerife, Spain; CIBER de enfermedades CardioVasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain.
Experimental Station of Arid Zones, EEZA, CSIC, Almería, Spain; Institute of Natural Products and Agrobiology, IPNA, CSIC, Tenerife, Spain.
Transl Res. 2020 Oct;224:16-25. doi: 10.1016/j.trsl.2020.05.011. Epub 2020 Jun 3.
Epidemiological studies found that increases in the concentrations of airborne particulate matter (PM) smaller than 10 microns diameter (PM) in the ambient air due to desert dust outbreaks contribute to global burden of diseases, primarily as a result of increased risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. No studies have investigated the possible association between desert dust inhalation and airway inflammation in patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD). Induced sputum was collected in 38 patients and analyzed to determine markers of airway inflammation (Transforming Growth Factor-β1 [TGF-β1] and hydroxyproline) concentrations. For the purpose of the investigation, PM and reactive gases concentrations measured in the European Air Quality Network implemented in the Canary Islands were also used. We identified Saharan desert dust using meteorology and dust models. Patients affected by smoking, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma, pulmonary abnormalities, acute bronchial or pulmonary disease were excluded. The median of age of patients was 64.71 years (56.35-71.54) and 14 (38.84%) of them were women. TGF-β1 and hydroxyproline in sputum were highly associated to PM inhalation from the Saharan desert. According to a regression model, an increase of 1 µg/m of PM concentrations due to desert dust, results in an increase of 3.84 pg/gwt of TGF-β1 (R2 adjusted = 89.69%) and of 0.80 μg/gwt of hydroxyproline (R adjusted = 85.28%) in the sputum of patients. The results of this study indicate that the exposure to high PM concentrations due to Saharan dust events are associated with intense inflammatory reaction in the airway mucosae of IHD-patients.
流行病学研究发现，由于沙漠尘暴导致环境空气中直径小于 10 微米的空气悬浮颗粒物（PM）浓度增加，导致了全球疾病负担的增加，主要是由于心血管发病率和死亡率的增加。目前还没有研究调查沙漠尘吸入与缺血性心脏病（IHD）患者气道炎症之间的可能关联。在 38 名患者中收集诱导痰，并分析确定气道炎症标志物（转化生长因子-β1[TGF-β1]和羟脯氨酸）的浓度。为了进行研究，还使用了在加那利群岛实施的欧洲空气质量网络中测量的 PM 和反应性气体浓度。我们使用气象学和尘埃模型来识别撒哈拉沙漠尘埃。排除了受吸烟、慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）、哮喘、肺部异常、急性支气管或肺部疾病影响的患者。患者的中位年龄为 64.71 岁（56.35-71.54），其中 14 名（38.84%）为女性。痰中的 TGF-β1 和羟脯氨酸与撒哈拉沙漠尘的 PM 吸入高度相关。根据回归模型，由于沙漠尘导致 PM 浓度增加 1 µg/m，患者痰中 TGF-β1 增加 3.84 pg/gwt（调整 R2=89.69%），羟脯氨酸增加 0.80 μg/gwt（调整 R=85.28%）。这项研究的结果表明，由于撒哈拉尘暴事件导致的高 PM 浓度暴露与 IHD 患者气道黏膜的强烈炎症反应有关。
