School of Architecture, Southeast University, No.2, Sipailou Road, Xuanwu District, Nanjing, 210096, China.
College of Automobile and Traffic Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, No.159 Longpan Road, Xuanwu District, Nanjing, 210037, China.
Health Qual Life Outcomes. 2020 Jun 6;18(1):171. doi: 10.1186/s12955-020-01415-y.
Many developing countries are rapidly urbanising because of large migration flows from rural to urban areas. However, migrants' socio-cultural transitions might be challenging, and their extent of social integration and sense of hometown identity might impede resettlement and quality of life. Although a sense of belonging in the host city and a sense of attachment to the hometown might be important to migrants' ability to assimilate, adapt and succeed in a new place, these factors have not adequately been studied in China.
The data were derived from the 2014 China Migrants Dynamic Survey, a large-scale questionnaire survey of Chinese migrants. This study's sample comprised 15,990 individuals in eight Chinese cities. Life satisfaction was measured with the Satisfaction with Life Scale, and the key independent variables (social integration, sense of hometown identity and sense of belonging in the host city) were measured using multi-item constructs. Cronbach's alpha coefficients on the four main variables were 0.76 to 0.90. A multivariable linear regression analysis was applied to a path model that assessed the mediating and moderating effects of sense of belonging in the host city on direct relationships with life satisfaction (social integration ⇢ life satisfaction and hometown identity ⇢ life satisfaction).
Social integration positively related to life satisfaction (B = 0.267) and sense of belonging in the host city (B = 0.912). A weak hometown identity related to higher life satisfaction and stronger sense of belonging in the host city (B = 0.087 and B = 0.176, respectively). Sense of belonging in the host city significantly mediated the relationships between social integration and life satisfaction (B = 0.267 decreased to B = 0.085) and between hometown identity and life satisfaction (B = 0.087 decreased to B = 0.048). Last, sense of belonging in the host city significantly moderated the relationship between social integration and life satisfaction.
A sense of belonging to a place is important to migrants' life satisfaction regarding the hometown and the host city. Promoting migrants' sense that they are part of the new living environment is important to China's sustainable urban development.
由于大量农村人口向城市迁移，许多发展中国家正在迅速城市化。然而，移民的社会文化转型可能具有挑战性，他们的社会融合程度和对家乡的认同感可能会阻碍他们重新安置和生活质量。尽管在新的居住地融入感和对家乡的依恋感可能对移民的适应和成功能力很重要，但这些因素在中国尚未得到充分研究。
数据来自 2014 年中国流动人口动态监测调查，这是一项对中国流动人口的大规模问卷调查。本研究的样本包括中国 8 个城市的 15990 人。生活满意度用生活满意度量表来衡量，关键的自变量（社会融合、家乡认同感和对城市的归属感）用多项目构建来衡量。四个主要变量的克朗巴赫 α系数在 0.76 到 0.90 之间。采用多变量线性回归分析方法，构建了一个路径模型，评估了对生活满意度的直接关系的中介和调节作用（社会融合 ⇢ 生活满意度和家乡认同 ⇢ 生活满意度）。
社会融合与生活满意度呈正相关（B=0.267），与对城市的归属感呈正相关（B=0.912）。较弱的家乡认同感与较高的生活满意度和更强的对城市的归属感有关（B=0.087 和 B=0.176）。对城市的归属感显著中介了社会融合与生活满意度（B=0.267 下降到 B=0.085）和家乡认同与生活满意度（B=0.087 下降到 B=0.048）之间的关系。最后，对城市的归属感显著调节了社会融合与生活满意度之间的关系。
对一个地方的归属感对移民的家乡和城市的生活满意度很重要。促进移民对新的生活环境的归属感，对中国的可持续城市发展很重要。
