Miguet Maud, Beaulieu Kristine, Fillon Alicia, Khammassi Marwa, Masurier Julie, Lambert Céline, Duclos Martine, Boirie Yves, Finlayson Graham, Thivel David
Clermont Auvergne University, EA 3533, Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions (AME2P), Clermont-Ferrand, France.
School of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK.
Physiol Behav. 2020 Sep 1;223:112996. doi: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2020.112996. Epub 2020 Jun 4.
While multidisciplinary weight loss (WL) programs have been suggested to improve the sensitivity of appetite control system, this study examined for the first time the effect of a specific multidisciplinary intervention on the hedonic aspects of food intake in adolescents with obesity.
Twenty-four adolescents (11-15 years) with obesity (mean BMI: 35.7 ± 4.5 kg/m; BMI percentile: 98.7 ± 0.5) took part in a 10-month inpatient WL program, which included physical activity, nutritional education and psychological support. Height, weight, body composition, food reward (pre- and post-meal), ad libitum energy intake, appetite sensations and eating behavior traits were assessed at baseline, 5 months and at the end of the 10-month intervention. Analyses were conducted with linear mixed models and paired t-tests.
The mean WL was 8.9 ± 6.9 kg. Appetite sensations and pre-meal hedonic ratings of liking for all food categories (HF: high-fat; LF: low-fat; SA: savory; SW: sweet) increased after 5 months (fasting hunger, p = 0.02; fasting desire to eat, p = 0.01; daily hunger, p = 0.001; pre-meal liking for HFSA, p = 0.03; LFSA, p = 0.04; HFSW, p = 0.009; LFSW, p = 0.005). In contrast, appetite sensations (fasting and daily), emotional eating (p < 0.001), uncontrolled eating (p = 0.009), and pre-meal explicit liking (for all food categories) decreased between months 5 and 10. Post-meal liking for HFSA (p < 0.001), LFSA (p = 0.002), HFSW (p = 0.02) and LFSW (p < 0.001) decreased between baseline and month 5 and remained unchanged between months 5 and 10.
These findings suggest that adaptive mechanisms to WL occurring in the short-to-medium term are attenuated in the longer term with the persistence of WL. These results indicate improvements in the reward response to food in adolescents with obesity and may contribute to the beneficial effect of multicomponent WL interventions in this population. Future studies are required to confirm these findings and elucidate underlying mechanisms.
虽然多学科减肥计划被认为可以提高食欲控制系统的敏感性，但本研究首次考察了一种特定的多学科干预措施对肥胖青少年食物摄入享乐方面的影响。
24名年龄在11至15岁之间的肥胖青少年（平均BMI：35.7±4.5kg/m²；BMI百分位数：98.7±0.5）参加了一项为期10个月的住院减肥计划，该计划包括体育活动、营养教育和心理支持。在基线、5个月和10个月干预结束时评估身高、体重、身体成分、食物奖励（餐前和餐后）、自由能量摄入、食欲感觉和饮食行为特征。采用线性混合模型和配对t检验进行分析。
平均体重减轻8.9±6.9kg。5个月后，所有食物类别（高脂肪：HF；低脂肪：LF；咸味：SA；甜味：SW）的食欲感觉和餐前享乐评分增加（空腹饥饿，p = 0.02；空腹想吃的欲望，p = 0.01；每日饥饿，p = 0.001；餐前对HFSA的喜好，p = 0.03；LFSA，p = 0.04；HFSW，p = 0.009；LFSW，p = 0.005）。相比之下，在第5个月至第10个月期间，食欲感觉（空腹和每日）、情绪化进食（p < 0.001）、无节制进食（p = 0.009）和餐前明确喜好（所有食物类别）下降。餐后对HFSA（p < 0.001）、LFSA（p = 0.002）、HFSW（p = 0.02）和LFSW（p < 0.001）的喜好在基线至第5个月期间下降，并在第5个月至第10个月期间保持不变。
这些发现表明，随着体重减轻的持续，短期到中期出现的体重减轻适应机制在长期内会减弱。这些结果表明肥胖青少年对食物的奖励反应有所改善，可能有助于多成分减肥干预措施对该人群产生有益效果。未来需要进一步研究来证实这些发现并阐明潜在机制。
