Shinagawa Shunichiro
Department of Psychiatry, The Jikei University School of Medicine.
Brain Nerve. 2020 Jun;72(6):585-592. doi: 10.11477/mf.1416201569.
In patients with the behavioral variant of frontotemporal dementia, the core clinical phenotype of frontotemporal lobar degeneration, various social behaviors such as disinhibition, apathy, lack of empathy, stereotypy, and changes in eating behavior occur from the onset of the disease, and progresses slowly with frontal lobe damage. Because there are no disease-specific biomarkers, the diagnosis of frontotemporal dementia is based on the evaluation of behavioral symptoms, with neuroimaging methods and cognitive tests as assisting methods. Although diagnostic criteria are useful, frontotemporal dementia may be difficult to differentiate from other conditions, including mental illnesses. We need to be careful to avoid overdiagnosis and underdiagnosis.
在行为变异型额颞叶痴呆患者中，额颞叶变性的核心临床表型表现为，从疾病发作起就会出现各种社会行为，如行为脱抑制、冷漠、缺乏同理心、刻板行为以及饮食行为改变，且随着额叶损伤而缓慢进展。由于没有疾病特异性生物标志物，额颞叶痴呆的诊断基于行为症状评估，神经影像学方法和认知测试作为辅助手段。尽管诊断标准很有用，但额颞叶痴呆可能难以与包括精神疾病在内的其他病症相鉴别。我们需要谨慎避免过度诊断和漏诊。
