Wang Xiao-Wen, Lv Jia-Lu, Shi Ya-Ru, Guo Li-Yun
Ministry of Agriculture (MOA) Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
Front Genet. 2020 May 21;11:508. doi: 10.3389/fgene.2020.00508. eCollection 2020.
Late blight caused by , is one of the most devastating diseases of potato, and was responsible for the death of millions of people during the Irish Potato Famine in the nineteenth century. is a heterothallic oomycete that typically requires two compatible types (mating types), A1 and A2, to complete sexual reproduction (i.e., oospore production). Oospores have critical effects on disease epidemiology because they serve as the primary inoculum in subsequent growing seasons. The sexual reproduction of species is regulated by α hormones. In previous studies, we proved that transformants in which selected histone deacetylase () genes are silenced exhibit abnormal hormone production. In the current study, we compared the transcriptomes of -silenced and wild-type strains to explore the genes regulated by HDAC and the genes involved in sex hormone biosynthesis in species. A total of 14,423 transcripts of unigenes were identified in the wild-type strain, the family-silenced transformant (HDST), and the -silenced transformant (H7ST). After comparing the intergroup gene expression levels, 1,612 unigenes were identified as differentially expressed among these strains. The expression levels of 16 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were validated by quantitative real-time PCR. The functional annotation of the DEGs by gene ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analyses indicated that HDACs affect the expression of genes related to metabolic and biosynthetic processes, RNA processing, translation, ribosome biogenesis, cellular structural constituents, RNA binding, and protein binding. Moreover, HDAC7 specifically influences the transcription of genes associated with transport, methylation, mitochondria, organelle inner membranes, receptors and transporters, and hydrolase activities. We also identified 18 candidate genes related to α hormones biosynthesis, including a gene encoding the NF-Y transcription factor (). The overexpression of increased the production of hormone α2. The results of this study revealed genes affected by histone acetylation. The data presented herein provide useful inputs for future research on the epigenetic mechanisms and mating behaviors of species.
由致病疫霉引起的晚疫病是马铃薯最具毁灭性的病害之一，在19世纪爱尔兰马铃薯饥荒期间导致数百万人死亡。致病疫霉是一种异宗配合卵菌，通常需要两种兼容类型（交配型）A1和A2才能完成有性生殖（即卵孢子产生）。卵孢子对疾病流行病学具有关键影响，因为它们是后续生长季节的主要接种体。致病疫霉物种的有性生殖受α激素调节。在先前的研究中，我们证明了选定的组蛋白脱乙酰酶（HDAC）基因沉默的转化体表现出异常的激素产生。在当前研究中，我们比较了HDAC沉默菌株和野生型菌株的转录组，以探索HDAC调控的基因以及致病疫霉物种中参与性激素生物合成的基因。在野生型菌株、HDAC家族沉默转化体（HDST）和HDAC7沉默转化体（H7ST）中总共鉴定出14423个单基因转录本。比较组间基因表达水平后，鉴定出1612个单基因在这些菌株中差异表达。通过定量实时PCR验证了16个差异表达基因（DEG）的表达水平。通过基因本体论和京都基因与基因组百科全书途径分析对DEG进行功能注释表明，HDAC影响与代谢和生物合成过程、RNA加工、翻译、核糖体生物发生、细胞结构成分、RNA结合和蛋白质结合相关的基因表达。此外，HDAC7特别影响与转运、甲基化、线粒体、细胞器内膜、受体和转运蛋白以及水解酶活性相关的基因转录。我们还鉴定出18个与α激素生物合成相关的候选基因，包括一个编码NF-Y转录因子（NF-Y）的基因。NF-Y的过表达增加了激素α2的产生。本研究结果揭示了受组蛋白乙酰化影响的基因。本文提供的数据为致病疫霉物种的表观遗传机制和交配行为的未来研究提供了有用的信息。
