López Benjamín, Mejía Omar, Zúñiga Gerardo
Laboratorio de Variación Biológica y Evolución, Departamento de Zoología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico.
PeerJ. 2020 May 20;8:e9177. doi: 10.7717/peerj.9177. eCollection 2020.
The populations of have experienced a drastic reduction in the effective population size; in addition, the species is threatened by anthropogenic activities. For the aforementioned, landscape genetics will serve as a tool to define the potential evolutionarily significant units (ESU) for this species. To complete our objective, we evaluated the effect of cover vegetation and climate on the functional connectivity of the species from the last glacial maximum (LGM) to the present as well as the effect of climate on shell shape. Partial Mantel tests, distance-based redundance analysis and a Bayesian framework were used to evaluate connectivity. On the other hand, geometric morphometrics, phylogenetic principal component analysis and redundancy analysis were used for the analysis of shell shape. Our results suggest that the suitable areas have been decreasing since the LGM; also, vegetation cover rather than climate has influenced the genetic connectivity among land snail populations, although temperature had a high influence on shell shape in this species. In conclusion, vegetation cover was the main factor that determined the functional connectivity for the land snail; however, local selective pressures led to different phenotypes in shell shape that allowed us to postulate that each one of the previously defined genetic groups must be considered as a different ESU.
[此处物种名称缺失]的种群经历了有效种群大小的急剧减少；此外，该物种受到人为活动的威胁。鉴于上述情况，景观遗传学将作为一种工具来界定该物种潜在的进化显著单元（ESU）。为实现我们的目标，我们评估了末次盛冰期（LGM）至今植被覆盖和气候对该物种功能连通性的影响，以及气候对壳形的影响。使用偏 Mantel 检验、基于距离的冗余分析和贝叶斯框架来评估连通性。另一方面，使用几何形态测量学、系统发育主成分分析和冗余分析来分析壳形。我们的结果表明，自末次盛冰期以来适宜区域一直在减少；此外，植被覆盖而非气候影响了陆地蜗牛种群之间的遗传连通性，尽管温度对该物种的壳形有很大影响。总之，植被覆盖是决定陆地蜗牛功能连通性的主要因素；然而，局部选择压力导致壳形出现不同表型，这使我们推测之前定义的每个遗传群体都必须被视为不同的进化显著单元。
