Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, Barcelona, Catalonia, 08028, Spain.
Institute of Biomedicine (IBUB), University of Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, Barcelona, Catalonia, 08028, Spain.
Mol Nutr Food Res. 2020 Aug;64(15):e2000265. doi: 10.1002/mnfr.202000265. Epub 2020 Jun 22.
Eating large amounts of fat is usually associated with fat accumulation. However, different types of diets (not only lipids) elicit different metabolic responses.
Male and female rats (10 week-old) are distributed in four groups and fed for 1 month a standard diet (SD), or this diet enriched with either lipid (high-fat diet, HF) or protein (high-protein diet, HP), or a cafeteria diet (CAF). Both HF and CAF diets share the percentage of energy from lipids (40%) but these are different. Protein-derived energy in the HP diet is also 40%. Feeding SD, HF, and HP diets does not result in differences in energy intake, energy expenditure, total body weight, or lipid content. However, the CAF-fed groups show increases in these parameters, which are more marked in the male rats. The CAF diet increases the mass of adipose tissue while the HF diet does not.
Different diets produce substantial changes in the fate of ingested nutrient energy. Dietary lipids are not essential for sustaining an increase in body lipid (or adipose tissue) content. Body protein accrual is unrelated to dietary lipids and overall energy intake. Both protein and lipid accrual are more efficient in male rats.
大量摄入脂肪通常与脂肪积累有关。然而，不同类型的饮食（不仅是脂质）会引起不同的代谢反应。
雄性和雌性大鼠（10 周龄）分为四组，分别用标准饮食（SD）或富含脂质（高脂肪饮食，HF）或蛋白质（高蛋白饮食，HP）或自助餐饮食（CAF）喂养 1 个月。HF 和 CAF 饮食的脂质供能百分比相同（40%），但有所不同。HP 饮食中来自蛋白质的能量也是 40%。喂养 SD、HF 和 HP 饮食不会导致能量摄入、能量消耗、总体体重或脂质含量的差异。然而，CAF 喂养组的这些参数增加，雄性大鼠更为明显。CAF 饮食增加了脂肪组织的质量，而 HF 饮食则没有。
不同的饮食会对摄入营养能量的命运产生实质性的变化。膳食脂质不是维持体脂（或脂肪组织）含量增加所必需的。体蛋白积累与膳食脂质和总能量摄入无关。蛋白质和脂质的积累在雄性大鼠中效率更高。
