Li L, Zheng Y, Wang F, Niu D S, Wang Y N
Department of Health Management, Third Hospital of Shandong Province, Jinan 250031, China.
Beijing Prevention and Treatment Hospital of Occupational Disease for Chemical Industry, Beijing 100093, China.
Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi. 2020 May 20;38(5):389-391. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn121094-20191202-00552.
To investigate occupational hazards in waste incineration power generation enterprises. From May 2016 to September 2018, four garbage incineration power generation enterprises in different regions and scales were selected as the survey objects. Investigated and analyzed the types of occupational hazards, workplace distribution and occupational disease prevention facilities and the concentration (intensity) of major types of work and workplace occupational hazards were also improved Line detection and analysis. Silica dust could be seen in slag tank, slag sorting and crusher operation position. The concentration of silica dust in each workplace fluctuates within 0.3-1.1 mg/m(3). Both the concentration of silica dust in the workplace and the time weighted average allowable concentration (C-TWA) of dust exposure of dust exposed workers were detected, but none of them exceeds the requirements of the national occupational exposure limit. Carbon monoxide, ammonia, nitrogen dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, non methane total hydrocarbon, formaldehyde, hydrogen fluoride, hydrogen cyanide, hydrochloric acid, sodium hydroxide and ozone were detected, but all meet the requirements of national occupational exposure limit. The 8-hour equivalent a sound level (L(ex·8h)) over 85 dB (A) mainly includes boiler, steam turbine, electrical inspector and auxiliary value of water treatment. The occupational hazards of waste incineration power generation enterprises are serious. Occupational health management and occupational health monitoring to reduce their occupational hazards to workers.
为调查垃圾焚烧发电企业的职业危害情况。2016年5月至2018年9月，选取不同地区、不同规模的4家垃圾焚烧发电企业作为调查对象。对职业危害种类、工作场所分布及职业病防护设施进行调查分析，并对主要工种和工作场所职业危害的浓度（强度）进行改进检测与分析。在渣罐、渣分选及破碎机操作岗位可见矽尘。各工作场所矽尘浓度在0.3 - 1.1mg/m³内波动。对工作场所矽尘浓度及粉尘接触工人的粉尘时间加权平均容许浓度（C-TWA）均进行了检测，均未超过国家职业接触限值要求。检测出一氧化碳、氨、二氧化氮、硫化氢、非甲烷总烃、甲醛、氟化氢、氰化氢、盐酸、氢氧化钠及臭氧，但均符合国家职业接触限值要求。8小时等效连续A声级（L(ex·8h)）超过85dB(A)的主要包括锅炉、汽轮机、电气巡检及水处理值班。垃圾焚烧发电企业职业危害严重。需加强职业健康管理和职业健康监护以降低其对工人的职业危害。
