Adult and Child Consortium for Health Outcomes Research and Delivery Science, School of Medicine, University of Colorado and Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado;
Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado.
Pediatrics. 2020 Jul;146(1). doi: 10.1542/peds.2019-3852. Epub 2020 Jun 15.
The World Health Organization has designated vaccine hesitancy as 1 of the 10 leading threats to global health, yet there is limited current national data on prevalence of hesitancy among US parents. Among a nationally representative sample of US parents, we aimed to (1) assess and compare prevalence of hesitancy and factors driving hesitancy for routine childhood and influenza vaccination and (2) examine associations between sociodemographic characteristics and hesitancy for routine childhood or influenza vaccination.
In February 2019, we surveyed families with children using the largest online panel generating representative US samples. After weighting, we assessed hesitancy using a modified 5-point Vaccine Hesitancy Scale and labeled parents as hesitant if they scored >3.
A total of 2176 of 4445 parents sampled completed the survey (response rate 49%). Hesitancy prevalence was 6.1% for routine childhood and 25.8% for influenza vaccines; 12% strongly and 27% somewhat agreed they had concerns about serious side effects of both routine childhood and influenza vaccines. A total of 70% strongly agreed that routine childhood vaccines are effective versus 26% for influenza vaccine ( < .001). In multivariable models, an educational level lower than a bachelor's degree and household income <400% of the federal poverty level predicted hesitancy about both routine childhood and influenza vaccines.
Almost 1 in 15 US parents are hesitant about routine childhood vaccines, whereas >1 in 4 are hesitant about influenza vaccine. Furthermore, 1 in 8 parents are concerned about vaccine safety for both routine childhood and influenza vaccines, and only 1 in 4 believe influenza vaccine is effective. Vaccine hesitancy, particularly for influenza vaccine, is prevalent in the United States.
世界卫生组织已将疫苗犹豫列为全球 10 大健康威胁之一，但目前美国国内关于父母对疫苗犹豫的流行率数据有限。在一个具有全国代表性的美国父母样本中，我们旨在：（1）评估和比较常规儿童和流感疫苗接种的犹豫率和驱动因素，并（2）研究社会人口统计学特征与常规儿童或流感疫苗接种犹豫之间的关联。
2019 年 2 月，我们使用最大的在线小组对有孩子的家庭进行了调查，该小组生成了具有代表性的美国样本。经过加权后，我们使用改良的 5 分制疫苗犹豫量表来评估犹豫程度，如果父母的得分>3，则将其标记为犹豫。
在 4445 名接受抽样调查的父母中，共有 2176 名（回应率为 49%）完成了调查。常规儿童疫苗和流感疫苗的犹豫率分别为 6.1%和 25.8%；12%的父母强烈同意，27%的父母有些同意他们对常规儿童和流感疫苗的严重副作用有顾虑。共有 70%的父母强烈认为常规儿童疫苗有效，而对流感疫苗的这一比例为 26%（<0.001）。在多变量模型中，低于学士学位的教育程度和家庭收入低于联邦贫困线的 400%，预测对常规儿童和流感疫苗都会产生犹豫。
近 15%的美国父母对常规儿童疫苗犹豫不决，而超过 14%的父母对流感疫苗犹豫不决。此外，18 的父母对常规儿童和流感疫苗的安全性都感到担忧，而只有 4 的父母认为流感疫苗有效。疫苗犹豫，特别是对流感疫苗的犹豫，在美国很普遍。
