Meilleur Alexa, Foster Nicholas E V, Coll Sarah-Maude, Brambati Simona M, Hyde Krista L
International Laboratory for Brain, Music and Sound Research (BRAMS), Department of Psychology, University of Montreal, Marie-Victorin Building, 90 Avenue Vincent D'Indy, Montréal, QC, H2V 2S9, Canada; Department of Psychology, University of Montréal, Marie-Victorin Building, 90 avenue Vincent-d'Indy, Suite D-418, Montréal, QC, H3C 3J7, Canada; Centre for Research on Brain, Language and Music, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Rabinovitch house, 3640 de la Montagne, Montréal, QC, H3G 2A8, Canada.
International Laboratory for Brain, Music and Sound Research (BRAMS), Department of Psychology, University of Montreal, Marie-Victorin Building, 90 Avenue Vincent D'Indy, Montréal, QC, H2V 2S9, Canada; Department of Psychology, University of Montréal, Marie-Victorin Building, 90 avenue Vincent-d'Indy, Suite D-418, Montréal, QC, H3C 3J7, Canada; Centre for Research on Brain, Language and Music, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Rabinovitch house, 3640 de la Montagne, Montréal, QC, H3G 2A8, Canada.
Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2020 Sep;116:44-63. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.06.013. Epub 2020 Jun 13.
This study presents a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis of temporal processing in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and developmental dyslexia (DD), two neurodevelopmental disorders in which temporal processing deficits have been highly researched. The results provide strong evidence for impairments in temporal processing in both ASD (g = 0.48) and DD (g = 0.82), as measured by judgments of temporal order and simultaneity. In individual analyses, multisensory temporal processing was impaired for both ASD and DD, and unisensory auditory, visual and tactile processing were all impaired in DD. In ASD, speech stimuli showed moderate impairment effect sizes, whereas nonspeech stimuli showed small effects. Greater reading and spelling skills in DD were associated with greater temporal precision. Temporal deficits did not show changes with age in either disorder. In addition to more clearly defining temporal impairments in ASD and DD, the results highlight common and distinct patterns of temporal processing between these disorders. Deficits are discussed in relation to existing theoretical models, and recommendations are made for future research.
本研究对自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）和发育性阅读障碍（DD）这两种神经发育障碍中的时间处理进行了全面的系统综述和荟萃分析，在这两种疾病中，时间处理缺陷已得到大量研究。结果提供了强有力的证据，表明通过时间顺序和同时性判断来衡量，ASD（g = 0.48）和DD（g = 0.82）在时间处理方面均存在损伤。在个体分析中，ASD和DD的多感官时间处理均受损，而DD的单感官听觉、视觉和触觉处理均受损。在ASD中，言语刺激显示出中等程度的损伤效应量，而非言语刺激显示出较小的效应。DD中更好的阅读和拼写技能与更高的时间精度相关。在这两种疾病中，时间缺陷均未随年龄变化。除了更清晰地界定ASD和DD中的时间损伤外，结果还突出了这些疾病之间时间处理的共同和不同模式。结合现有理论模型对缺陷进行了讨论，并对未来研究提出了建议。
