Galvez-Pol Alejandro, Forster Bettina, Calvo-Merino Beatriz
Cognitive Neuroscience Research Unit, Department of Psychology, City, University of London, Northampton Square, EC1V 0HB, London, UK; University College London, Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, Institute of Neurology. London WC1N 3BG, UK; Human Evolution and Cognition Research Group (EvoCog), University of the Balearic Islands, Psychology Department, 07122, Palma de Mallorca, Spain.
Cognitive Neuroscience Research Unit, Department of Psychology, City, University of London, Northampton Square, EC1V 0HB, London, UK.
Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2020 Sep;116:508-518. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.06.014. Epub 2020 Jun 13.
Examining the processing of others' body-related information in the perceivers' brain (action observation) is a key topic in cognitive neuroscience. However, what happens beyond the perceptual stage, when the body is not within view and it is transformed into an associative form that can be stored, updated, and later recalled, remains poorly understood. Here we examine neurobehavioural evidence on the memory processing of visually perceived bodily stimuli (dynamic actions and images of bodies). The reviewed studies indicate that encoding and maintaining bodily stimuli in memory recruits the sensorimotor system. This process arises when bodily stimuli are either recalled through action recognition or reproduction. Interestingly, the memory capacity for these stimuli is rather limited: only 2 or 3 bodily stimuli can be simultaneously held in memory. Moreover, this process is disrupted by increasing concurrent bodily operations; i.e., moving one's body, seeing or memorising additional bodies. Overall, the evidence suggests that the neural circuitry allowing us to move and feel ourselves supports the encoding, retention, and memory recall of others' visually perceived bodies.
研究感知者大脑中对他人身体相关信息的处理（动作观察）是认知神经科学的一个关键课题。然而，在感知阶段之后，当身体不在视野范围内且被转化为一种可以存储、更新并随后回忆的联想形式时，会发生什么，目前仍知之甚少。在这里，我们研究关于视觉感知身体刺激（动态动作和身体图像）记忆处理的神经行为证据。所综述的研究表明，在记忆中编码和维持身体刺激会调用感觉运动系统。当通过动作识别或再现来回忆身体刺激时，这个过程就会出现。有趣的是，这些刺激的记忆容量相当有限：记忆中只能同时容纳2到3个身体刺激。此外，这个过程会因同时增加身体操作而受到干扰；也就是说，移动自己的身体、看到或记住其他身体。总体而言，证据表明，使我们能够移动和感受自身的神经回路支持对他人视觉感知身体的编码、保留和记忆回忆。
