Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Concepcion, Concepcion, Chile.
Ophthalmology Service, Guillermo Grant Benavente Hospital, Concepcion, Chile.
Am J Perinatol. 2022 Jan;39(1):22-30. doi: 10.1055/s-0040-1713181. Epub 2020 Jun 16.
Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is an alteration in the development of the immature retina vascularization that frequently occurs in premature infants and is one of the leading causes of childhood blindness worldwide. In threshold stage retinopathy, laser photocoagulation is the standard treatment, particularly in those located in zone II. However, this therapy destroys parts of the retina and can lead to significant eye complications later in life. For this reason, in the last few years, antivascular endothelial growth factor agents are being used as monotherapy or as coadjuvant with laser, especially in retinopathy located in zone I. More recently, the administration of oral propranolol has been used as prevention and/or treatment of prethreshold retinopathy with encouraging results. This review provides an overview of the current evidence on newer treatment strategies for ROP. KEY POINTS: · Laser is the standard treatment in threshold retinopathy of prematurity (ROP).. · Prethreshold stages of the ROP have no treatment.. · Propranolol may prevent the progression of ROP..
早产儿视网膜病变（ROP）是一种未成熟视网膜血管发育异常，常发生于早产儿，是全球儿童失明的主要原因之一。在阈值期 ROP 中，激光光凝是标准治疗方法，特别是在二区病变。然而，这种治疗会破坏部分视网膜，导致以后生活中出现严重的眼部并发症。出于这个原因，在过去几年中，抗血管内皮生长因子药物被用作单一疗法或与激光联合治疗，特别是在一区病变中。最近，口服普萘洛尔已被用于预防和/或治疗阈前 ROP，取得了令人鼓舞的结果。本综述概述了ROP 最新治疗策略的现有证据。关键点：·激光是阈值期早产儿视网膜病变（ROP）的标准治疗方法。·ROP 的阈前阶段没有治疗方法。·普萘洛尔可能阻止 ROP 的进展。
