Bhatta Ram Datta, Amgain Lal Prasad, Subedi Roshan, Kandel Bishnu Prasad
Tribhuvan University, Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science, Lamjung Campus, Lamjung, Nepal.
Department of Plant Breeding, Post Graduate Program, Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science, Tribhuvan University, Kritipur, Nepal.
Heliyon. 2020 Jun 8;6(6):e04144. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04144. eCollection 2020 Jun.
Wheat is the third most important cereal crop in Nepal after rice and maize both in area and production, but its productivity of 2.3 tonne ha is very less compared to other developed countries (6 tonne ha for Switzerland and China) in the world. The main cause of low wheat yield in Nepal is the improper and inadequate use of fertilizer devoid of site specific nutrient management practices. Therefore, a farmers' field experiment was conducted during November 2015 to April 2016 to rectify the best fertilizer management options at two sites of Damak and Gauradaha in Jhapa district in eastern-Terai of Nepal using Nutrient Expert®-Wheat model. The research was accomplished in Randomized Complete Block Design with 2 treatments and 20 replications, considering farmers' field as replication. Two treatments included in the experimentation were NE® (Nutrient Expert Recommendation) and FFP (Farmer's Fertilizer Practices). The statistical result revealed the highly significant difference in terms of number of effective tiller m, plant height, filled grain per spike, spike length, grain, straw and biological yields and harvest index. The highest yield (4.71 tonne ha) was obtained from NE field than FFP (2.99 tonne ha). On an average, NE based practices produced 58 % higher yield in comparison to FFP. NE based treatment produced significantly higher biomass yield, yield attributes and cost-benefit ratio than FFP treatments. Field experiment validation confirmed that the Nutrient Expert® Wheat model could be used as the most adoptable and practical precision decision support system tool to make a more authentic fertilizer recommendation in eastern-Terai of Nepal.
在种植面积和产量方面，小麦是尼泊尔仅次于水稻和玉米的第三大重要谷类作物，但其每公顷2.3吨的产量与世界上其他发达国家（瑞士和中国均为每公顷6吨）相比要低得多。尼泊尔小麦产量低的主要原因是肥料使用不当且不足，缺乏针对特定地点的养分管理措施。因此，于2015年11月至2016年4月期间开展了一项农户田间试验，在尼泊尔东部特莱地区贾帕县的达马克和高拉达哈两个地点，使用Nutrient Expert®-小麦模型来确定最佳肥料管理方案。该研究采用随机完全区组设计，有2种处理方式和20次重复，将农户农田视为重复。试验中的两种处理方式分别为NE®（养分专家推荐方案）和FFP（农民施肥方式）。统计结果显示，在有效分蘖数/平方米、株高、每穗实粒数、穗长、籽粒产量、秸秆产量、生物产量和收获指数方面存在极显著差异。NE处理田块的产量最高（每公顷4.71吨），高于FFP处理田块（每公顷2.99吨）。平均而言，基于NE的施肥方式比FFP的产量高出58%。与FFP处理相比，基于NE的处理方式产生的生物量产量、产量构成因素和成本效益比显著更高。田间试验验证证实，Nutrient Expert®小麦模型可作为最适用且实用的精准决策支持系统工具，用于在尼泊尔东部特莱地区做出更可靠的肥料推荐。
