Electronic States and Nonradiative Decay of Cold Gas-Phase Cinnamic Acid Derivatives Studied by Laser Spectroscopy with a Laser-Ablation Technique.

We performed UV spectroscopy for -coumaric acid (CA), ferulic acid (FA), and caffeic acid (CafA) under jet-cooled gas-phase conditions by using a laser-ablation source. These molecules showed the S(ππ*)-S absorption in the 31 500-33 500 cm region. Both CA and FA exhibited sharp vibronic bands, while CafA showed only a broad feature. The decay time profile of the ππ* state was measured by picosecond pump-probe spectroscopy, and the transient state produced through the nonradiative decay (NRD) from ππ* and its time profile were measured by nanosecond UV-deep UV pump-probe spectroscopy. The transient state was observed for CA and FA and assigned to the T state, and we concluded that the NRD process of ππ* is S(ππ*) → nπ* → T(ππ*), similar to those of methyl cinnamate and -substituted cinnamates such as -hydroxy and -methoxy methyl cinnamate. On the other hand, the transient T state was not detected in CafA, and its NRD route is suggested to be S(ππ*) → πσ* → H atom elimination, similar to those of phenol and catechol. The effect of a hydrogen bond on the electronic state and NRD process was investigated, and it was found that the H-bonding lowers the ππ* energy and suppresses the NRD process for all the species.