Brigo Francesco, Balasse Albert, Nardone Raffaele, Walusinski Olivier
Department of Neurology, Franz Tappeiner Hospital , Merano, Italy.
Independent Researcher , Nouvelle Aquitaine, France.
J Hist Neurosci. 2021 Jan-Mar;30(1):94-101. doi: 10.1080/0964704X.2020.1775391. Epub 2020 Jun 18.
In the famous painting (A Clinical Lesson at the Salpêtrière) by André Brouillet (1857-1914), the neurologist Jean-Martin Charcot (1825-1893) is shown delivering a clinical lecture in front of a large audience. A hysterical patient, Marie Wittman (known as "Blanche"; 1859-1912) is leaning against Charcot's pupil, Joseph Babinski (1857-1932). Lying on the table close to Charcot are some medical instruments, traditionally identified as a Duchenne electrotherapy apparatus and a reflex hammer. A closer look at these objects reveals that they should be identified instead as a Du Bois-Reymond apparatus with a Grenet cell (bichromate cell) battery and its electrodes. These objects reflect the widespread practice of electrotherapeutic faradization at the Salpêtrière. Furthermore, they allow us to understand the moment depicted in the painting: contrary to what is sometimes claimed, Blanche has not been represented during a hysterical attack, but during a moment of hypnotically induced lethargy.
在安德烈·布罗伊耶（1857 - 1914）的著名画作《萨尔佩特里埃医院的临床课》中，神经学家让 - 马丁·沙可（1825 - 1893）正在一大群听众面前进行临床讲座。一位癔症患者玛丽·维特曼（人称“布兰奇”；1859 - 1912）靠在沙可的学生约瑟夫·巴宾斯基（1857 - 1932）身上。靠近沙可放在桌子上的是一些医疗器械，传统上认为是杜兴电疗仪器和一个反射锤。仔细观察这些物品会发现，它们实际上应该被认定为带有格雷内电池（重铬酸盐电池）及其电极的杜波依斯 - 雷蒙德仪器。这些物品反映了萨尔佩特里埃医院广泛使用的电疗法中的感应电疗法。此外，它们让我们能够理解画作所描绘的时刻：与有时声称的情况相反，布兰奇并非处于癔症发作期间，而是处于催眠诱导的昏睡状态。
