Center for Injury Biomechanics, Materials and Medicine, Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, 323 Dr M.L.K. Jr. Blvd, Newark, NJ 07102, USA.
Center for Injury Biomechanics, Materials and Medicine, Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, 323 Dr M.L.K. Jr. Blvd, Newark, NJ 07102, USA.
Exp Neurol. 2020 Oct;332:113378. doi: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2020.113378. Epub 2020 Jun 15.
Soldiers are often exposed to more than one traumatic brain injury (TBI) over the course of their service. In recent years, more attention has been drawn to the increased risk of neurological deficits caused by the 'blast plus' polytrauma, which typically is a blast trauma combined with other forms of TBI. In this study, we investigated the behavioral and neuronal deficits resulting from a blast plus injury involving a mild-moderate blast followed by a mild blunt trauma using the fluid percussion injury model. We identified that the blast injury predisposed the brain to increased cognitive deficits, chronic ventricular enlargement, increased neurodegeneration at acute time points and chronic neuronal loss. Interestingly, a single blast and single blunt injury differed in their onset and manifestation of cognitive and regional neuronal loss. We also identified the presence of cleaved RIP1 from caspase 8 mediated apoptosis in the blunt injury while the blast injury did not activate immediate apoptosis but led to decreased hilar neuronal survival over time.
士兵在服役过程中经常会遭受多次创伤性脑损伤（TBI）。近年来，人们越来越关注“爆炸加”多发创伤引起的神经功能缺损的风险增加，这种多发创伤通常是爆炸伤加上其他形式的 TBI。在这项研究中，我们使用流体冲击伤模型研究了轻度中度爆炸伤后继发轻度钝挫伤引起的行为和神经元损伤。我们发现，爆炸伤使大脑更容易出现认知功能障碍、慢性脑室扩大、急性和慢性神经元丢失时的神经退行性变增加。有趣的是，单次爆炸伤和单次钝挫伤在认知和区域性神经元丢失的发生和表现上存在差异。我们还发现，在钝挫伤中存在 caspase 8 介导的凋亡的 cleaved RIP1，而在爆炸伤中则没有激活即刻凋亡，但随着时间的推移，导致齿状回神经元存活减少。
