Rudd Center for Food Policy and Obesity, University of Connecticut, Hartford, Connecticut.
Rudd Center for Food Policy and Obesity, University of Connecticut, Hartford, Connecticut; Department of Human Development and Family Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut.
Am J Prev Med. 2020 Aug;59(2):196-203. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2020.02.020. Epub 2020 Jun 15.
Adolescents who identify as a sexual or gender minority are vulnerable to multiple health disparities because of stigma-based peer harassment. Given that sexual and gender minority adolescents may be bullied for several stigmatized identities that may exacerbate health risk, it is important to examine factors that can simultaneously reduce multiple forms of targeted victimization among sexual and gender minority adolescents. This study examines whether variation in health risk across sexual and gender minority adolescents who attend schools with versus without a gay-straight alliance can be explained by lessened bias-based bullying across a broad scope of stigmatized identities and attributes.
Data on school-based gay-straight alliances, bias-based bullying, and health risk indicators were collected from the LGBTQ National Teen Survey (n=17,112; mean age=15.57 [SD=1.27] years) and analyzed in 2019. Multiple mediation analysis was conducted using latent variable structural equation modeling.
The majority (73%) of sexual and gender minority adolescents were bullied for stigmatized identities other than those related to their gender or sexual orientation. Compared to schools without a gay-straight alliance, student reports of multiple forms of bias-based bullying (based on body weight, gender, religion, disability, gender typicality, sexual orientation) were lower at schools with gay-straight alliances, which in turn attenuated adverse health outcomes (i.e., stress, sleep problems, depression, and unhealthy weight control behaviors).
Sexual and gender minority adolescents experience multiple forms of bias-based bullying, which independently heighten health risk, and this study extends previous work on gay-straight alliances to highlight a wider range of potential positive contributions to adolescent health.
由于基于污名的同伴欺凌，认同为性少数或性别少数的青少年容易受到多种健康差距的影响。鉴于性少数和性别少数青少年可能会因多种可能加剧健康风险的污名化身份而受到欺凌，因此，重要的是要研究可以同时减少性少数和性别少数青少年多种形式的针对性受害的因素。本研究检验了在有同性恋异性恋联盟的学校和没有同性恋异性恋联盟的学校就读的性少数和性别少数青少年之间的健康风险差异是否可以通过减少广泛的污名化身份和属性的基于偏见的欺凌来解释。
从 LGBTQ 全国青少年调查（n=17112；平均年龄=15.57 [SD=1.27] 岁）中收集了关于学校同性恋异性恋联盟、基于偏见的欺凌和健康风险指标的数据，并在 2019 年进行了分析。使用潜在变量结构方程模型进行了多重中介分析。
大多数（73%）性少数和性别少数青少年除了与性别或性取向相关的身份外，还因其他污名化身份而受到欺凌。与没有同性恋异性恋联盟的学校相比，在有同性恋异性恋联盟的学校，学生报告的多种形式的基于偏见的欺凌（基于体重、性别、宗教、残疾、性别典型、性取向）较低，这反过来又减轻了不良健康后果（即压力、睡眠问题、抑郁和不健康的体重控制行为）。
性少数和性别少数青少年经历多种形式的基于偏见的欺凌，这独立地增加了健康风险，本研究扩展了之前关于同性恋异性恋联盟的研究，强调了更广泛的潜在积极贡献到青少年健康。
