Rudd Center for Food Policy & Obesity, Department of Human Development and Family Studies, University of Connecticut, Hartford, CT, United States.
Department of Biostatistics, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York City, NY, United States.
Prev Med. 2017 Jul;100:173-179. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2017.04.023. Epub 2017 Apr 24.
Weight-based teasing is common among youth, but little is known about its long-term impact on health outcomes. We aimed to 1) identify whether weight-based teasing in adolescence predicts adverse eating and weight-related outcomes 15years later; and 2) determine whether teasing source (peers or family) affects these outcomes. Data were collected from Project EAT-IV (Eating and Activity in Teens and Young Adults) (N=1830), a longitudinal cohort study that followed a diverse sample of adolescents from 1999 (baseline) to 2015 (follow-up). Weight-based teasing at baseline was examined as a predictor of weight status, binge eating, dieting, eating as a coping strategy, unhealthy weight control, and body image at 15-year follow-up. After adjusting for demographic covariates and baseline body mass index (BMI), weight-based teasing in adolescence predicted higher BMI and obesity 15years later. For women, these longitudinal associations occurred across peer and family-based teasing sources, but for men, only peer-based teasing predicted higher BMI. The same pattern emerged for adverse eating outcomes; weight-based teasing from peers and family during adolescence predicted binge eating, unhealthy weight control, eating to cope, poor body image, and recent dieting in women 15years later. For men, teasing had fewer longitudinal associations. Taken together, this study shows that weight-based teasing in adolescence predicts obesity and adverse eating behaviors well into adulthood, with differences across gender and teasing source. Findings underscore the importance of addressing weight-based teasing in educational and health initiatives, and including the family environment as a target of anti-bullying intervention, especially for girls.
基于体重的嘲笑在年轻人中很常见，但人们对其对健康结果的长期影响知之甚少。我们旨在：1）确定青少年时期的体重嘲笑是否预测 15 年后不良的饮食和体重相关结果；2）确定嘲笑来源（同龄人或家人）是否会影响这些结果。数据来自 EAT-IV 项目（青少年和年轻人的饮食和活动）（N=1830），这是一项纵向队列研究，对来自不同背景的青少年进行了跟踪，从 1999 年（基线）到 2015 年（随访）。将基线时的体重嘲笑作为预测因素，研究其对 15 年随访时的体重状况、暴食、节食、应对策略的进食、不健康的体重控制和身体形象的影响。在调整人口统计学协变量和基线体重指数（BMI）后，青少年时期的体重嘲笑预测 15 年后 BMI 更高和肥胖。对于女性，这些纵向关联存在于同伴和家庭为基础的嘲笑来源中，但对于男性，只有同伴为基础的嘲笑预测 BMI 更高。对于不良饮食结果也是如此；青少年时期来自同伴和家人的体重嘲笑预测女性 15 年后暴食、不健康的体重控制、进食应对、身体形象差和最近节食。对于男性，嘲笑的纵向关联较少。总的来说，这项研究表明，青少年时期的体重嘲笑预测肥胖和成年后不良的饮食行为，而且在性别和嘲笑来源方面存在差异。研究结果强调了在教育和健康计划中解决体重嘲笑问题的重要性，并将家庭环境作为反欺凌干预的目标，尤其是对女孩。
