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噬菌体感染微杆菌属的基因组多样性。

Genomic diversity of bacteriophages infecting Microbacterium spp.

机构信息

Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America.

Department of Biology, Illinois Wesleyan University, Bloomington, Illinois, United States of America.

出版信息

PLoS One. 2020 Jun 18;15(6):e0234636. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0234636. eCollection 2020.

DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0234636
PMID:32555720
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7302621/
Abstract

The bacteriophage population is vast, dynamic, old, and genetically diverse. The genomics of phages that infect bacterial hosts in the phylum Actinobacteria show them to not only be diverse but also pervasively mosaic, and replete with genes of unknown function. To further explore this broad group of bacteriophages, we describe here the isolation and genomic characterization of 116 phages that infect Microbacterium spp. Most of the phages are lytic, and can be grouped into twelve clusters according to their overall relatedness; seven of the phages are singletons with no close relatives. Genome sizes vary from 17.3 kbp to 97.7 kbp, and their G+C% content ranges from 51.4% to 71.4%, compared to ~67% for their Microbacterium hosts. The phages were isolated on five different Microbacterium species, but typically do not efficiently infect strains beyond the one on which they were isolated. These Microbacterium phages contain many novel features, including very large viral genes (13.5 kbp) and unusual fusions of structural proteins, including a fusion of VIP2 toxin and a MuF-like protein into a single gene. These phages and their genetic components such as integration systems, recombineering tools, and phage-mediated delivery systems, will be useful resources for advancing Microbacterium genetics.

摘要

噬菌体群体庞大、动态、古老且具有遗传多样性。感染厚壁菌门细菌宿主的噬菌体的基因组表明，它们不仅多样化，而且普遍呈镶嵌状，充满了未知功能的基因。为了进一步探索这一大组噬菌体，我们在这里描述了 116 种感染微杆菌属的噬菌体的分离和基因组特征。大多数噬菌体是裂解性的，可以根据它们的整体相关性分为十二个聚类；其中七种噬菌体是单倍体，没有近亲。基因组大小从 17.3 kbp 到 97.7 kbp 不等，其 G+C%含量范围从 51.4%到 71.4%，而它们的微杆菌宿主的 G+C%含量约为 67%。这些噬菌体是从五种不同的微杆菌属物种中分离出来的，但通常不能有效地感染除了它们分离出来的菌株以外的菌株。这些微杆菌噬菌体含有许多新的特征，包括非常大的病毒基因（13.5 kbp）和结构蛋白的不寻常融合，包括 VIP2 毒素和 MuF 样蛋白融合成一个基因。这些噬菌体及其遗传成分，如整合系统、重组工具和噬菌体介导的输送系统，将成为推进微杆菌遗传学的有用资源。

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