San Javier Campus, University of Murcia, San Javier, Spain.
Health Soc Care Community. 2021 Jan;29(1):42-55. doi: 10.1111/hsc.13067. Epub 2020 Jun 18.
Study of the long-term impact of economic recession on lifestyle according to socioeconomic groups is scarce. This study examines health-related lifestyle and preventive medical attendance in different socioeconomic groups in the Spanish adult population (18-64 years of age) before, during and after an economic recession. Data were collected from three waves of the Spanish National Health Survey (2006, 2012 and 2017). Self-perceived health, health-related lifestyle and common preventive medical attendance were evaluated by means of multivariate logistic models. The increase in good self-perceived health in 2006-2012 was 7.1%, 6.9% and 8.3% for the high, middle and low group, respectively, and 5.2%, 5.9% and 7.9% for the high, middle and low group, respectively, in 2006-2017. In 2006-2012 and 2006-2017, the gap increased between people of the high and low groups in smoking prevalence (2.8%-4.7%), physical activity (2.0%-4.0%), daily fruit (1.0%-6.3%) and vegetable intake (2.5%-6.1%). The probability of women´s gynaecological attendance increased statistically significant for cytology in three groups in 2006-2012 and 2006-2017 (OR = 1.35, 95% CI = 1.08-1.67; OR = 1.42, 95% CI = 1.18-1.7; OR = 1.34, 95% CI = 1.21-1.47 for the high, middle and low groups, respectively, in 2006-2012 and OR = 1.34, 95% CI = 1.08-1.67; OR = 1.62, 95% CI = 1.35-1.95; OR = 1.51, 95% CI = 1.37-1.66 for the high, middle and low groups, respectively, in 2006-2017), but not for mammography. This study reveals long-term socioeconomic inequalities in lifestyle behaviours after the economic recession. Health policies must be emphasised in these population subgroups and in more disadvantaged populations.
根据社会经济群体研究经济衰退对生活方式的长期影响还很少。本研究探讨了西班牙成年人群（18-64 岁）在经济衰退前后不同社会经济群体的与健康相关的生活方式和预防性医疗就诊情况。数据来自西班牙国家健康调查的三个波次（2006 年、2012 年和 2017 年）。通过多变量逻辑模型评估自我感知健康、与健康相关的生活方式和常见的预防性医疗就诊情况。2006-2012 年和 2006-2017 年，高、中、低组的自我感知健康状况分别提高了 7.1%、6.9%和 8.3%，高、中、低组的自我感知健康状况分别提高了 5.2%、5.9%和 7.9%。2006-2012 年和 2006-2017 年，高、低组之间在吸烟流行率（2.8%-4.7%）、体力活动（2.0%-4.0%）、每日水果（1.0%-6.3%）和蔬菜摄入（2.5%-6.1%）方面的差距有所扩大。在 2006-2012 年和 2006-2017 年，三组妇女接受妇科就诊进行细胞学检查的概率均有统计学显著增加（OR=1.35，95%CI=1.08-1.67；OR=1.42，95%CI=1.18-1.7；OR=1.34，95%CI=1.21-1.47，高、中、低组，分别在 2006-2012 年和 OR=1.34，95%CI=1.08-1.67；OR=1.62，95%CI=1.35-1.95；OR=1.51，95%CI=1.37-1.66，高、中、低组，分别在 2006-2017 年），但乳腺 X 线照相术除外。本研究揭示了经济衰退后与生活方式相关的行为存在长期的社会经济不平等。必须在这些人群亚组和更弱势群体中强调健康政策。
