Shelomi Matan
Department of Entomology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
Animals (Basel). 2020 Jun 16;10(6):1038. doi: 10.3390/ani10061038.
Organic waste such as food waste and livestock manure is a serious concern in the Pacific Islands, where landfills are overflowing and illegal dumping of waste threatens the fragile ecosystems. Organic waste also attracts filth flies, some of which are vectors for pathogens that cause human disease. The black soldier fly, , has tremendous potential for the Pacific Islands. Capable of digesting almost any organic matter and converting it into insect biomass, black soldier flies are already being used around the world to process organic waste into larvae. The system can be adapted to large-scale municipal composting as well as small sizes for individual livestock farms or even urban households. The larvae can be fed live to fish or poultry, processed into feed comparable to fishmeal or soy meal, or even used to generate biofuel. Thus, the fly not only eliminates waste, but also can improve the sustainability of livestock production. The Pacific Small Island Developing States stand to benefit immensely from black soldier fly bioconversion facilities, used primarily as a means to compost organic waste; however, several knowledge gaps must first be addressed. We reviewed the state of black soldier flies in the Pacific and identified where their use shows the most promise. Research priorities for the field include fly surveys and bioconversion assays using Pacific crop waste.
食物垃圾和牲畜粪便等有机废物是太平洋岛屿面临的一个严重问题，那里的垃圾填埋场已满，非法倾倒废物威胁着脆弱的生态系统。有机废物还会吸引厩蝇，其中一些是导致人类疾病的病原体的传播媒介。黑水虻在太平洋岛屿具有巨大潜力。黑水虻能够消化几乎任何有机物质并将其转化为昆虫生物量，世界各地已经在利用它们将有机废物加工成幼虫。该系统既可以适用于大规模的城市堆肥，也可以适用于个体畜牧场甚至城市家庭的小规模应用。幼虫可以直接喂给鱼类或家禽，加工成与鱼粉或豆粕相当的饲料，甚至用于生产生物燃料。因此，这种苍蝇不仅能消除废物，还能提高畜牧生产的可持续性。太平洋小岛屿发展中国家有望从主要用作有机废物堆肥手段的黑水虻生物转化设施中受益匪浅；然而，必须首先解决几个知识空白。我们审查了太平洋地区黑水虻的现状，并确定了其应用最具前景的领域。该领域的研究重点包括苍蝇调查以及使用太平洋农作物废料进行生物转化分析。
