Heuer H, Dunkel-Abels G, Brüwer M, Kröger H, Römer T, Wischmeier E
Universität Bielefeld, Abteilung für Psychologie, F.R.G.
Vision Res. 1988;28(12):1337-44. doi: 10.1016/0042-6989(88)90065-x.
Vergence of the eyes in the dark depends on the vertical direction of gaze. In three experiments this phenomenon was studied using eye inclinations and head tilts of 5 min duration during which monocular or binocular near and distant stimuli were inspected. The effects of eye inclination and head tilt on dark vergence were temporally stable; they exhibited even a tendency to increase with the passage of time. On return to horizontal gaze, positive aftereffects were found, that is dark vergence was biased towards its value with a vertically deviated gaze. The effect of vertical gaze direction turned out to be additive to the effect of binocular near fixation. These findings represent evidence against the hypothesis that the effect of vertical gaze direction on dark vergence is mediated by a feedforward signal that is related to voluntary effort in raising or depressing the eyes.
在黑暗中眼睛的辐辏取决于注视的垂直方向。在三个实验中，利用持续5分钟的眼睛倾斜和头部倾斜来研究这一现象，在此期间检查单眼或双眼的近距和远距刺激。眼睛倾斜和头部倾斜对黑暗中辐辏的影响在时间上是稳定的；它们甚至表现出随时间推移而增加的趋势。回到水平注视时，发现了正向的后效应，即黑暗中的辐辏偏向于垂直偏斜注视时的值。垂直注视方向的效应被证明是双眼近距注视效应的叠加。这些发现是反对以下假设的证据：垂直注视方向对黑暗中辐辏的影响是由与抬高或压低眼睛的自主努力相关的前馈信号介导的。
