Department of Dermatology and Venereology, School of Medicine, Uşak University, Uşak Training and Research Hospital, Uşak, Turkey.
Department of Dermatology and Venereology, School of Medicine, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Goztepe Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
Int J Dermatol. 2020 Sep;59(9):1098-1105. doi: 10.1111/ijd.14999. Epub 2020 Jun 20.
There are only a few studies on acne in pregnancy. This study was aimed to investigate the demographic, clinical, and familial characteristics of acne in pregnancy, triggering factors including endocrine diseases, and association of these findings with acne in different trimesters of pregnancy.
Pregnant women aged 18 years and older with acne at any stage of pregnancy were consecutively interviewed at the participating centers during the study period from 2016 to 2019. Acne severity was evaluated using the Comprehensive Acne Severity Scale.
A total of 295 pregnant women with acne were included, with 167 (56.6%) patients showing mild, 87 (29.5%) moderate, six (12.2%) severe, and five (1.7%) very severe acne. Truncal acne was significantly higher in the third trimester than in the other stages (P < 0.001). Onset of acne before pregnancy, prepubertal, pubertal or adult onset, or acne history in previous pregnancies did not influence acne severity in pregnancy. Women with irregular menstruation before pregnancy, polycystic ovary syndrome, hirsutism, and higher body weight index tended to show severe acne in pregnancy.
Severe acne during pregnancy is generally uncommon, while severity of facial acne, truncal acne, and hirsutism is higher in the third trimester than in other trimesters. Acne in pregnancy shares many characteristics with female adult acne. Substantial changes in different kinds of hormones play a more complex role in acne during pregnancy, but the pathogenesis remains to be determined.
目前仅有少数关于妊娠痤疮的研究。本研究旨在探讨妊娠痤疮的人口学、临床和家族特征，包括内分泌疾病在内的诱发因素，以及这些发现与妊娠不同阶段痤疮之间的关系。
在 2016 年至 2019 年的研究期间，在参与中心连续采访了年龄在 18 岁及以上、在妊娠任何阶段均有痤疮的孕妇。使用综合痤疮严重程度评分表评估痤疮严重程度。
共纳入 295 例妊娠痤疮患者，其中 167 例（56.6%）为轻度痤疮，87 例（29.5%）为中度痤疮，6 例（12.2%）为重度痤疮，5 例（1.7%）为极重度痤疮。与其他阶段相比，第三孕期的躯干痤疮明显更高（P<0.001）。妊娠前痤疮发病、青春期前、青春期或成人发病或既往妊娠史均不影响妊娠时的痤疮严重程度。妊娠前月经不规律、多囊卵巢综合征、多毛症和较高的体重指数的女性更易发生妊娠重度痤疮。
妊娠重度痤疮一般不常见，而面部痤疮、躯干痤疮和多毛症的严重程度在第三孕期比其他孕期更高。妊娠痤疮与女性成人痤疮有许多共同特征。不同类型激素的显著变化在妊娠痤疮中发挥了更复杂的作用，但发病机制仍有待确定。
