Institute for Infectious Diseases, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
Department of Public Health, Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
J Antimicrob Chemother. 2020 Sep 1;75(9):2432-2441. doi: 10.1093/jac/dkaa198.
Intestinal colonization with extended-spectrum cephalosporin-resistant (ESC-R) and colistin-resistant (CST-R) Enterobacterales (Ent) can be driven by contact with colonized animals and/or contamination of the food chain. We studied the ESC-R-Ent and COL-R-Ent colonizing poultry as well as contaminating chicken meat in Zanzibar (Tanzania). Results were compared with recently published data obtained from rectal swabs of people in the community.
During June and July 2018, we collected poultry faecal material (n = 62) and retail chicken meat (n = 37) samples. ESC-R and CST-R strains were isolated implementing selective approaches and characterized with different molecular methods, including WGS coupled with core-genome analyses.
The prevalence of ESC-R-Ent and CST-R-Ent, respectively, were: 88.7% and 48.4% in poultry; and 43.2% and 18.9% in chicken meat. Overall, the following strains and main resistance mechanisms were found in the two settings: 69 ESC-R Escherichia coli (CTX-M-15 subgroup, 75%), 34 ESC-R Klebsiella pneumoniae (CTX-M-9 group, 54.5%), 24 non-ESC-R but CST-R E. coli (mcr-1, 95.8%) and 17 non-ESC-R but CST-R K. pneumoniae (D150G substitution in PhoQ). Several clones (differing by only 0-13 single nucleotide variants) were concomitantly and frequently found in human and non-human settings: mcr-1-carrying E. coli ST46; CTX-M-15-producing E. coli ST361; CTX-M-14-producing K. pneumoniae ST17; and CTX-M-15-producing K. pneumoniae ST1741.
This is one of the few studies that have assessed the occurrence of identical MDR Enterobacterales in human and non-human settings. The frequent human gut colonization observed in the community might be favoured by the spread of ESC-R-Ent and CST-R-Ent in poultry and chicken meat. Further studies with a One Health approach should be carried out to better investigate this phenomenon.
产超广谱头孢菌素耐药（ESC-R）和多粘菌素耐药（CST-R）肠杆菌科（Ent）的肠道定植可能是与定植动物接触和/或食物链污染所致。我们研究了桑给巴尔（坦桑尼亚）的定植家禽中的 ESC-R-Ent 和 COL-R-Ent 以及污染鸡肉。结果与最近发表的社区人群直肠拭子中获得的数据进行了比较。
2018 年 6 月至 7 月期间，我们采集了家禽粪便（n=62）和零售鸡肉（n=37）样本。采用选择性方法分离 ESC-R 和 CST-R 菌株，并采用不同的分子方法进行特征分析，包括 WGS 结合核心基因组分析。
家禽中 ESC-R-Ent 和 CST-R-Ent 的流行率分别为：88.7%和 48.4%；鸡肉中分别为 43.2%和 18.9%。总的来说，在这两个环境中发现了以下菌株和主要耐药机制：69 株 ESC-R 大肠杆菌（CTX-M-15 亚群，75%）、34 株 ESC-R 肺炎克雷伯菌（CTX-M-9 组，54.5%）、24 株非 ESC-R 但 CST-R 大肠杆菌（mcr-1，95.8%）和 17 株非 ESC-R 但 CST-R 肺炎克雷伯菌（PhoQ 中的 D150G 取代）。在人类和非人类环境中同时且频繁发现了几个克隆（仅相差 0-13 个单核苷酸变异）：mcr-1 携带的大肠杆菌 ST46；CTX-M-15 产生的大肠杆菌 ST361；CTX-M-14 产生的肺炎克雷伯菌 ST17；CTX-M-15 产生的肺炎克雷伯菌 ST1741。
这是为数不多的评估人类和非人类环境中相同 MDR 肠杆菌科的研究之一。在社区中观察到的频繁的人类肠道定植可能是由于家禽和鸡肉中 ESC-R-Ent 和 CST-R-Ent 的传播所致。应开展以“同一健康”方法进行的进一步研究，以更好地调查这一现象。
